1 8 WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
(1) Round-leaved Winter-green. (Pyrola rotundifolia.) — Flowers expanded, pure white, in a 
long cluster ; stamens all turned upwards ; style long, protruding, bent downwards, 
then turned up at the apex ; stigma with a raised border ; leaves roundish and 
blunt. 
(2) Intermediate Winter-green. (Pyrola media.) — Flowers globular, pinkish, in a shorter 
cluster ; stamens curved in round the style ; style shorter and straighter ; stigma with a 
raised border, protruding ; leaves blunt. 
(3) Lesser Winter-green. (Pyrola minor.) — Flowers smaller, globular, pinkish, in a still 
shorter cluster ; style straight, no longer than the stamens ; stigma without a raised 
border and included in the corolla; leaves blunt. 
(4) One-sided Winter-green. (Pyrola secun'da.) — Flowers small, bell-shaped, greenish-white, 
in a short cluster, all turning to one side ; style straight, protruding ; leaves egg-shaped 
and pointed. 
1. Round-leaved Winter-green. (Pyrola rotundifdlia. Linn.)— As just described. 
The flowers are A inch across, pure white, 10-20 in a long cluster (raceme) terminating a leafless 
stalk (scape) of from 5 inches to 1 foot high, on which are a few scale-like bracts ; the calyx-lobes 
are lance-shaped and pointed ; the pure white petals are roundish, and expanded ; the stamens all 
turned upwards ; the style much longer than the stamens and protruding beyond the petals, bent 
downwards and curved up at the apex, terminating with a stigma edged with a raised border, 
above and inside which are 5 blunt erect lobes. The leaves are all on long stalks in a rosette, 
roundish, 1-2 inches broad, thick, entire or slightly scalloped. 
A variety — Pyrola rotundifolia, V. maritiraa — with broader egg-shaped sepals, many bracts 
on the flower-stalk, and smaller leaves is found on sandhills in Lancashire. \Plate 5. 
Rare. In woods and moist shady places recorded in many counties from Kent to Forfar, and in 
Ireland in West Meath. July — September. Perennial. 
2. Intermediate Winter-green. (Pyrdla media. Swartz.) — A very similar species to 
the last, the Round-leaved Winter-green (Pyrola rotundifolia), but with a shorter cluster of flowers, 
the flowers being less expanded, more globular, and so about § inch across, tinged with pink ; the 
stamens not bent upwards but curved in regularly round the style, which is shorter and straighter ; 
and the capsule crowned with the elongated style. 
Rare. On heaths; in Sussex, Worcestershire, and the north of England; Scotland; and in the 
north and west of Ireland. July — August. Perennial. 
3. Lesser Winter-green. (Pyrola minor. Linn.) — A species resembling the last in its 
globular flowers, which are, however, rather smaller, about J inch across, pale pink, and in a still 
shorter cluster (raceme) ; the style is straight, much shorter, no longer than the stamens ; the 
stigma is much broader and without the raised border which characterises both the last species, 
and is included in the corolla instead of protruding beyond it ; the style, though crowning the 
capsule, does not lengthen with the maturing of the fruit. 
Not uncommon. In woods and bushy places and on heaths. Frequent in Scotland and the 
north of England, rare in the south of England and in Ireland. June — August. Perennial. 
4. One-sided Winter-green. (Pyrola secun'da. Linn.) — A species resembling the 
last, the Lesser Winter-green (Pyrola minor), but differing in having smaller flowers which 
are slightly bell-shaped and of a greenish-white, numerous, and crowded into a short terminal 
cluster, all turning to one side of the stem (secund) ; the sepals are very small ; the stamens 
are nearly as long as the style, which is straight and protrudes beyond the petals ; the stigma, 
