THE FIGWORT FAMILY 
63 
Rather rare. On roadsides, waste places, &c., distributed throughout the southern counties of 
England, and found in the northern counties and Scotland, but there only where introduced. 
June — October. Biennial. 
5. Primrose-leaved Mullein. (Verbas'cum virgdtum. Stokes.)— Flowers large, i-i^ 
inches across, bright yellow, shortly stalked, generally solitary, crowded together up the stem 
(raceme) and up the branches when they are present (panicle) ; the stamens with purple hairs. 
[As described in the genus Mullein (Verbascum).] The stem stout, 2-5 feet high, slightly angular 
and usually unbranched (simple), clothed with a few glandular hairs ; the leaves oblong, doubly 
toothed, wavy, the upper ones slightly clasping the stem at the base (semi-amplexicaul) or inclined 
to run down the stem (slightly decurrent). The whole plant is green, and only sparingly clothed 
with gland-tipped hairs. 
Rare. By roadsides and in waste places ; generally considered only native in Cornwall, Devon, 
and Somerset ; introduced into other counties and into Ireland. August. Biennial. 
6. *Moth Mullein. (Verbas'cum Blattdria. Linn.) — A similar species to the last, with 
smaller, yellow or rarely whitish, usually solitary flowers, in the axils of the bracts, forming a more 
interrupted cluster (raceme ) ; and with a much more slender stem. Neither this species nor the 
last has the thick woolly down which is so conspicuous on the other species ; they are both 
smooth save for a few gland-tipped hairs, and they are so much alike in all essentials that they are 
considered as varieties, not separate species, by some botanists. 
Rare. By roadsides and in waste places. Possibly wild in the south of England and Wales, 
occurring in other counties and in the south of Ireland as an escape. July — August. Biennial. 
II. *MONKEY-FLOWER. (MIM'ULUS. Linn.) — Flowers showy, stalked, solitary in the axils 
of the leaves, forming terminal leafly flower-clusters (racemes). Calyx of 5 sepals united into a 
5-angled tube and separating into 5 teeth, inserted below the seedcase (inferior ) ; corolla of 5 
petals, united into a gaping tube and separating into 5 broad teeth which are arranged in 2 lips 
(bilabiate), the upper lip 2-lobed and erect, and the lower one 3-lobed and spreading, inserted below 
the seedcase (hypogynous) ; stamens 4, in 2 unequal pairs (didynamous), included in and inserted 
upon the corolla-tube (epi-petalous) ; carpels 2 ; fruit a capsule, 2-celled, many-seeded, opening by 
2 valves from the top down the middle of the cells (loculicidally). Herbs with opposite leaves. 
*Yellow Monkey-flower. (Mimulus Langsdorffii. Donn.)— Not a native, but 
established in many parts of the British Isles. As just described. The flowers are i£-if inches 
long, funnel-shaped, bright yellow, the tube usually marked with red or brown ; the flowering-stems 
erect, 6-18 inches high, hollow ; the leaves egg-shaped (ovate), strongly toothed and veined ; and 
the root creeping. ( Mimulus luteus. Linn.) [Plate 23. 
A native of North America. On the banks of streams, &c. ; naturalised in many parts of England, 
Scotland, and Ireland. June — September. Perennial. 
III. SNAPDRAGON. (ANTIRRHINUM. Linn.) — Flowers showy, solitary in the axils of the 
leaves or in terminal clusters (racemes). Calyx of 5 sepals, united into a tube and separating at 
the apex into 5 teeth, inserted below the seedcase (inferior) ; corolla of 5 petals, united into a 
broad tube which is slightly pouched (saccate) on the lower side, but not spurred, and separating 
into 2 lips (bilabiate), the upper erect and 2-lobed, the lower spreading, 3-lobed, and with a large 
projecting palate which closes the tube (personate), inserted below the seedcase (hypogynous) ; 
stamens 4, in 2 unequal pairs (didynamous), included in the corolla-tube, on which they are inserted 
