THE FIGWORT FAMILY 
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Our popular name of Foxglove for this beautiful plant is a corruption of an old English name, 
Folks-glove, meaning Fairies’ glove, by which the herb was known. The Foxglove is a poisonous 
plant ; the leaves possess strong medicinal properties and a preparation from them is still used in 
medicine. [. Plate 24. 
Very common. Woods, hedges, hillsides, &c., in England, Scotland, and Ireland. June — 
September. Perennial. 
VIII. TOADFLAX. (LINARIA. Hill.) — Flowers small, always spurred at the base, solitary 
in the axils of the leaves, sometimes crowded together forming spike-like clusters. Calyx 
of 5 sepals, united at the base only, inserted below the seedcase (inferior) ; corolla of 5 petals, 
united into a tube which is spurred at the base, and separating into 2 lips (bilabiate), the 
uppermost 2-lobed, and the lower 3-lobed and with a broad hairy projecting palate which usually 
closes the tube (personate), inserted below the seedcase (hypogynous) ; stamens 4, in 2 unequal 
pairs (didynamous), included in and inserted upon the corolla-tube ; carpels 2 ; capsule roundish, 
2-celled, many-seeded, opening at the top by several teeth or by pores. Herbs with the upper 
leaves alternate and the lower sometimes opposite. 
Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves. 
Leaves broad. 
(1) *Ivy-leaved Toadflax. (Lindria Cymbaldria.) — Flowers lilac and yellow; capsule opening 
by two 3-toothed valves ; leaves roundish, 5-lobed. 
(2) Sharp-leaved Toadflax. (Lindria Elat'ine.)— Flowers yellow and purple with a long straight 
spur ; capsule opening by 2 pores ; leaves halbert-shaped. 
(3) Round-leaved Toadflax. (Lindria spuria.) — Flowers yellow and purple, with a curved 
spur ; capsule opening by 2 pores ; leaves roundish. 
Leaves strap-shaped. 
(4) Least Toadflax. (Lindria minor.) — Flowers pale lilac and yellow, with a blunt straight 
spur, the corolla-tube not closed by the palate. 
Flowers in dense terminal clusters. 
Leaves strap-shaped ; capsules opening by two 3-toothed valves. 
(5) Decumbent Toadflax. (Lindria supfna.) — Flowers yellow, few, with a long slender 
slightly curved spur. 
(6) Jersey Toadflax. (Lindria Pelisseridna.) — Flowers purple, few; with a long straight 
spur. 
(7) *Purple Toadflax. (Lindria purpurea.) — Flowers purple, numerous, with a long curved 
spur. 
(8) Striped Toadflax. (Lindria repens.) — Flowers whitish striped with purple, numerous, 
with a short straight spur. 
(9) Common Yellow Toadflax. (Lindria vulgdris.) — Flowers yellow, numerous, with a long 
straight spur. 
1 . *Ivy-leaved Toadflax, Mother-of-thousands. (Lindria Cymbaldria. Mill.)— Not 
a native. As just described. The little flowers are about £ inch long, solitary on slender stalks 
in the axils of the leaves ; the calyx is purplish, the lips and spur of the corolla are lilac and 
the palate is yellow, the spur is short ; the capsule opens by 2 valves, each of which has 3 short 
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