68 
WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
broad teeth ; the stems are 3 inches to 2 feet long, much branched, trailing, juicy, purplish, and 
smooth, often rooting at the nodes ; and the leaves are shiny, fleshy, stalked, roundish-kidney- 
shaped (reniform) and 5-lobed. [ Plate 25. 
Naturalised on old walls and rocks in England, Scotland, and Ireland. Flowers nearly all the 
year round. Perennial. 
2. Sharp-leaved Toadflax or Fluellen. (Lindria Elat'ine. Mill.)— Flowers small, 
with a long straight spur, pale yellow with a purple upper lip, solitary on long slender stalks 
in the axils of the leaves ; capsule opening by 2 pores. [As described in the genus Toadflax 
(Linaria).] The stems are slender, hairy, prostrate, numerous, spreading around from 6 inches to 
2 feet ; and the hairy leaves are halbert-shaped (hastate) with entire margins. 
Frequent. In cornfields and waste places ; frequent in the south of England, and found in many 
other counties, also in Ireland. July — October. Annual. 
3. Round-leaved Toadflax op Fluellen. (Lindria spuria. Mill.)— A very similar 
species to the last, differing in the flowers being rather larger, the corolla having a curved 
spur, the whole plant being stouter and more erect, and the leaves broadly egg-shaped or round. 
Not common. In cornfields and waste places, in the south and east of England and Ireland. 
July — October. Annual. 
4. Least Toadflax. (Lindria minor. Desf.) — Another species with small flowers, 
J inch long, the spur blunt and straight, pale lilac with the lower lip yellowish, solitary on slender 
stalks in the axils of the leaves. The only British species in which the corolla-tube is not closed 
by the palate. Capsule opening at the top by 2 semicircular pores, the margins of which are 
toothed; the stems are 3-18 inches high, wiry and branched; and the leaves are narrow, strap- 
shaped, and entire. (. Linaria viscida. Moench.) [ Plate 25. 
Not uncommon. In cornfields especially on chalk or sand, in England, Scotland, and Ireland. 
May — October. Annual. 
5. Decumbent Toadflax. (Lindria suplna. Desf.)— Flowers about 1 inch long, few, 
yellow, with a long slender spur, in a short dense, erect cluster (raceme) lengthening in fruit ; 
capsule opening at the top by 2 valves, each 3-toothed. [As described in the genus Toadflax 
(Linaria).] Stems 3-9 inches long, decumbent at the base, then erect, smooth or scattered with 
gland-tipped hairs ; leaves narrow (linear), entire, stalkless, the lower ones and those on the barren 
stems in circles (whorls) of 3-5 together. 
Very rare. Naturalised on ballast heaps in Devon and Cornwall, and occurring in similar places 
in other counties in England. July — September. Annual. 
6. Jersey Toadflax. (Lindria Pelisseridna. Mill.)— A species with smaller flowers 
\ inch long, with a straight spur, purple, 3-6 in a dense terminal cluster (raceme) ; the 2 valves of 
the capsule splitting into 3 teeth; the stems 6-18 inches high, few; and the leaves narrow and 
distant. 
Very rare. Only found in one or two places in Jersey. June. Annual. 
7. *Purple Toadflax. (Lindria purpurea. Mill.) — A somewhat similar species with 
very numerous, rather smaller flowers with a curved spur, in a dense long terminal cluster 
(raceme). 
Not native. On old walls; naturalised in many places in England and the south of Scotland. 
June — September. Perennial. 
8. Pale Blue or Striped Toadflax. (Lindria rdpens. Mill.)— A similar species to the 
Purple Toadflax (Linaria purpurea), but with whitish flowers striped with blue or purple, which 
have a short straight spur, and slender wiry stems. 
