96 
WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
at the apex into 2 stigmas ; fruit of 4 little nuts (cocca). Herbs of various habits with square 
stems and opposite leaves. 
(1) Common Bugle. (Ajuga rep'tans.) — Flowers blue; leaves and bracts broad, entire; root 
with runners ; plant smooth. 
(2) Pyramidal Bugle. (Ajuga pyramiddlis.) — Flowers blue; leaves and bracts broad, toothed ; 
root without runners ; plant hairy. 
(3) Ground Pine. (Ajuga Chameepitys.) — Flowers yellow ; leaves and bracts deeply lobed 
into narrow segments. 
1. Common op Creeping 1 Bugle. (Ajuga rep'tans. Linn.)— As just described. 
A beautiful species with mauvish-blue or rarely white flowers, in clusters (false whorls) of 6-12 
in the axils of leafy oval bracts tinged with blue, forming an erect spike-like showy cluster 
terminating a usually unbranched (simple) stem, which has a few pairs of oval, blunt, shiny, 
shortly stalked, entire leaves and a few long stalked, scalloped leaves from the root. The whole 
plant is smooth and has creeping runners. \Plate 33. 
Very common. In woods, by streams, and in moist meadows ; throughout England, the south 
of Scotland, and Ireland. May — July. Perennial. 
2. Pyramidal Bugle. (Ajuga pyramidAlis. Linn.) — A very similar species to the 
last— the Common Bugle (Ajuga reptans) — but with the flower-bracts much larger and longer than 
the flowers, the spike 4-sided, the calyx, and, in fact, the whole plant, densely hairy ; the leaves 
often coarsely toothed, and the root without runners. 
Very rare. By mountain streams; in the Scotch Highlands and in Ireland in the Isles of Arran. 
May — July. Perennial. 
3. Ground Pine. (Ajuga Chamsepitys. Schreb.) — Flowers yellow, in pairs in the axils 
of the leaf-like bracts which are either lobed to the midrib (pinnatifid) or to the base (palmatifid) 
into 3 narrow segments and are always longer than the flowers. The stem is 3-9 inches long, 
much branched, hairy, sticky, and reddish ; and the stem-leaves, like the bracts, are lobed into 
3 narrow segments, the root-leaves are narrowly ovate, entire or with a wavy margin. 
Local. In cultivated fields, on chalky ground ; common in Kent and Surrey and also occurring 
in other counties in the south-east and east of England. May — August. Annual. 
VI. ^MOTHERWORT. (LEONURUS. Linn.) — Flowers rather small, pink or white, in many- 
flowered clusters in the axils of the leaves (false whorls). Calyx of 5 sepals, united into 
a bell-shaped (campanulate) tube, and separating into 5 spreading, almost equal teeth, inserted 
below the seedcase (inferior) ; corolla of 5 petals, united into a tube and spreading into a 2-lipped 
(bilabiate) limb, the upper lip erect, arched, entire, hairy outside, and the lower lip spreading and 
3-lobed with the middle lobe notched, inserted below the seedcase (hypogynous) ; stamens 4, 
in unequal pairs (didynamous), included in the upper lip, the anthers approaching one another 
in pairs, inserted on the corolla-tube (epi-petalous) ; carpels 2, united into a 4-celled seedcase 
and a long style divided at the apex into 2 stigmas ; fruit of 4 little nuts (cocca). Herbs with 
square stems and more or less lobed, opposite leaves. 
^Common Motherwort. (Leonurus Cardlaca. Linn.) — Not a native. As just 
described. The flowers are about \ inch long, pale pink, in crowded clusters in the leaf-axils 
(false whorls) ; the stem is 2-4 feet high, stiff and hairy, branched below ; and the leaves are 
stalked, the lower ones roundish and lobed to the base (palmatifid), gradually becoming narrower 
