THE ORCHID FAMILY 
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Maranta Arundinacea from which is obtained Arrowroot. The Cannaceie and Zingiberaceae 
are cultivated in hot-houses for the sake of their beautiful flowers and foliage. 
Tribe I. CYPRIPEDE^I. — Two side anthers perfect, central anther sterile; pollen-masses not 
stalked ; pollen pulpy and granular. 
I. Lady’s Slipper Orchid (Cyprip£dium). Flowers with an inflated slipper-shaped lip ; outer 
perianth-row of apparently only 2 lobes ; stamens 2. 
Tribe II. MALAXIDEA2. — Anther terminal, free, lid-like ; pollen-masses stalkless ; pollen waxy, 
and coherent. 
II. Bog Orchid (Malax'is). Flowers greenish ; lip uppermost, entire, not spurred ; column 
short. 
III. Fen Orchid (Liparis). Flowers greenish; lip erect, entire, not spurred; column long; 
leaves 2. 
IV. Coral-root (CorallorrhIza). Flowers yellowish-brown ; lip lowermost, 3-lobed, minutely 
spurred ; column short ; brown saprophytes with coral-like roots. 
Tribe III. NEOTTIDEAL — Anther terminal, attached to the column by its base ; pollen-masses 
stalkless ; pollen mealy, slightly coherent. 
Column prolonged into a rostellum. 
V. Bird’s-nest Orchid (Neot'tia). Flowers stalked, largish, brown, hooded; lip lowermost 
2-lobed, not spurred but slightly pouched ; column long ; seedcase twisted ; brown, 
leafless saprophytes with a nest-like mass of fleshy root fibres. 
VI. Tway-blade (Lis'tera). Flowers stalked, small, spreading, green ; lip lowermost, 2- or 
4-lobed, not spurred ; column short ; seedcase twisted. 
VII. Lady’s-Tresses (Spiran'thes). Flowers stalkless, white, in a spirally twisted spike; lip 
lowermost, not lobed, toothed, not spurred ; column short ; seedcase twisted ; plants 
leafy. 
VIII. Goody£ra. Flowers stalkless, spiral ; lip lowermost, constricted in the middle, 
pouched at the base but not spurred ; column short ; seedcase twisted ; plants 
leafy. 
IX. Helleborine (Hellebori'ne). Flowers drooping, stalked ; lip lowermost, constricted in 
the middle, with 2 prominent bosses, not spurred ; column short ; seedcase straight, on a 
twisted stalk. 
Anther shortly stalked ; column without a rostellum. 
X. Helleborine (Cephalan'thera). Flowers erect, stalkless ; lip lowermost, constricted in 
the middle, pouched at the base ; column long ; anther shortly stalked ; seedcase twisted ; 
plant leafy. 
Tribe IV. ARETHUSEAL — Anther terminal, ultimately free ; pollen-masses stalked ; pollen 
pulpy or powdery, more or less coherent. 
XI. Epip6gum. Flowers stalked, yellowish ; lip uppermost, 3-lobed, spurred ; seedcase and 
flower-stalk straight ; yellowish saprophyte without any green leaves. 
