182 WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
an unequally 2-lobed sheath (spathe), each lobe ending in a very long slender green point, the 
longer one often 2 or 3 inches long and rather resembling the leaves ; the stamens included in the 
perianth, the filaments being entire and not 3-cleft. [As described in the genus Garlic (Allium).] 
The flowering-stem is 1-2 feet high ; and the leaves are narrowly strap-shaped (linear), semi- 
cylindrical, grooved above and ribbed beneath, or broader, nearly flat, and thick, sheathing the 
flowering-stem about halfway up. 
Rare. On the borders of fields, in waste and cultivated ground ; in England and Scotland, but 
not found in Ireland. July — August. Perennial. 
7. *Keeled Garlic. (Al'lium carinatum. Linn.) — A very similar species, but having 
rose-coloured flowers with protruding stamens twice as long as the perianth, very few bulbs, and 
leaves flat at the tip. 
Not a native, very rare. Naturalised in a few places in England and Scotland. August. 
Perennial. 
8. Chives. (Al'lium Schceno'prasum. Linn.) — Flowers numerous, purplish-pink, on 
short stalks, without bulbs, in a dense round cluster (umbel), looking like a head of flowers as the 
2 short, broad, abruptly-pointed lobes of the sheath (spathe) hide the stalks ; the stamens are 
included in the perianth and the filaments are entire. [As described in the genus Garlic (Allium).] 
The flowering-stem is only 6-12 inches high, slender, and hollow; and the leaves are few, erect, 
very narrow and rounded, quill-like, one sheathing the stem. [Plate 59. 
Very rare. In rocky mountainous pastures ; in a few places in England and Scotland. June — 
July. Perennial. 
9. Greater Chives. (Al'lium sibir'icum. Linn.) — A very similar species to the last, 
but larger in all respects, the perianth much larger and deeper rose, and the narrow, rounded, 
quill-like leaves often strongly recurved. 
Very rare, local. On rocks in Cornwall. June — July. Perennial. 
10. *Triang-ular-stalked Garlic. (Al'lium triquetrum. Linn.)— A very distinct 
species with large pure white flowers nearly f inch long with green midribs, 3-12 hanging in a 
i-sided cluster (umbel), without bulbs; the 2-lobed sheath (spathe) short and pointed; the 
stamens included in the perianth and not more than half its length ; the flower-stem about 1 foot 
high, and with 3 sharp angles ; and the leaves narrow, strap-shaped (linear), flat and not sheathing 
the stem. 
Not a native. In meadows and hedges ; naturalised in Cornwall and the Channel Isles. April — 
June. Perennial. 
11. Ramsons, Broad-leaved Garlic. (Al'lium ursinum. Linn.)— The only well- 
known species in this genus. The flowers are numerous, star-like, pure white, about § inch 
across, in a flat-topped bulbless cluster (umbel) ; the 2 lobes of the sheath are egg-shaped (ovate) 
and pointed ; the stamens are shorter than the perianth-lobes, and the filaments are entire. The 
flower-stem is 3-angled, not quite 1 foot high ; and the leaves are broad, flat, egg-lance-shaped, 
and all from the root, not sheathing the stem, extremely like the leaves of the Lily of the Valley, 
but easily known by the powerful smell of Garlic they give out when bruised. [Plate 59. 
Common. In woods and thickets ; generally distributed in England, the south of Scotland, and 
Ireland. May — June. Perennial. 
VII. GRAPE HYACINTH. (MUS'CARI. Mill.) — Flowers roundish or oblong, blue or greenish, 
in erect terminal clusters (racemes) terminating a leafless stem from the root (scape). Perianth 
roundish with 6 small short teeth at the apex, inserted below the seedcase (inferior) ; stamens 6, 
