Annals of the Transvaal Museum 
109 
and pits. Its upper border has a length of 3-5 cm.; the height of the triangle 
is about 5 cm. The articulatio pubica makes an angle of about 6o° with the 
articulatio iliaca and an angle of about 40 0 with the general long axis of the 
ischium. The articulatio iliaca makes an angle of less than 25 0 with the 
general long axis of the bone. The thin anterior portion of the plate is damaged 
and its edge is broken off. Probably this edge was fairly straight or slightly 
convex between the lower end of the processus subacetabularis and the place 
where the proximal and the distal portions of the ischium form a curve. The thin 
anterior portion terminates at a distance of about 12 cm. below the proximal 
end. The posterior portion of the plate is thicker than the anterior portion. 
A few centimetres below the articulation surface its thickness is 18 mm. A 
broad groove starts at a short distance (1*5 cm.) below the articulation surface 
on the posterior edge of the lateral side. Through the twisting of the distal 
portion of the bone the groove soon passes on to its hinder surface. It cannot 
be made out how far this groove runs downwards. The distal end of the 
ischium has a flat hinder surface. Its section is triangular (text-fig. 14). The 
medial sides of the two distal ends lie against each other and although they 
are proximally separated by matrix, the two bones seem to be coalesced dis- 
tally. The specimen is slightly pressed sideways, but probably the two hinder 
surfaces lie in a plane. The two lateral surfaces meet in a ridge. The distal 
end is thickened. The border of the distal surface projects posteriorly, laterally 
and anteriorly (PI. XV, fig. 5). The distal surface is probably convex. The 
breadth of the hinder surface near the middle is 3-5 cm. and the thickness at 
the same spot 3 cm. The greatest breadth of the distal end of the right ischium 
is more than 4 cm. Its thickness is nearly 9 cm. 
Femur. 
The left femur is preserved (PI. XIII, figs. 2 — 4, and text-fig. 15), but in a 
rather weathered condition. The caput femoris is broken off and in its lower 
half the femur was badly broken in two places. The pieces were fitted to- 
gether by myself and joined with plaster of Paris. The length of the bone 
has not been influenced by these joints. It would not be exact to call the 
curvature of the diaphysis sigmoidal. Its middle portion is certainly convex 
forwards, but its upper end is not concave forwards as is usual, only less 
convex than the middle portion. 
The length of the bone is 49*5 cm. The breadth of the proximal end cannot, 
of course, be given. The preserved portion of the proximal end rounds off 
into the lateral side; from opposite the upper end of the trochanter major 
the lateral side bends more and more inwards till near the proximal end, 
where the convexity becomes greater to pass over into the proximal surface. 
The trochanter minor was on the piece which is broken off and lost. The 
trochanter major is broken off. The upper end of the broken surface is situated 
at a distance of 7-5 cm. from the proximal end of the bone, and the lower end 
of the trochanter at a distance of 13-5 cm. from the same end. Between the 
lateral side of the preserved portion of the trochanter and the general surface 
of the bone there is a broad groove. The femur is broad and thin between 
its proximal end and the trochanter major; further downwards it becomes 
thicker. A broad ridge starts at the fractured edge of the proximal end, and 
coming from the direction of the caput femoris runs towards the trochanter 
major. In passing the trochanter it turns in the direction of the condylus 
medialis. The highest point of this ridge lies immediately below the trochanter 
major; its height diminishes towards the proximal end and towards the distal 
end, in the latter case to such an extent that it loses itself on the medial side 
8 
