THE CABBAGE FAMILY 
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lower ones deeply lobed to the mid-rib with the terminal lobe the largest (lyrate), the upper 
toothed or deeply lobed to the mid-rib (pinnatifid). 
Common Winter Cress, Herb Saint Barbara, Yellow Rocket. (Barbarea 
vulgaris, R.Br.) — As just described. The flowers large, £ inch across, yellow; the two side 
sepals slightly pouched at the base (gibbous); the bright yellow petals with longish claws, twice as 
long as the sepals ; the pods in a long, erect, dense cluster (raceme), narrow, straight, 4-angled, 
with the seeds in 1 row in both cells ; the stem 1-2 feet high, angular, and the leaves shining, the 
lower ones deeply lobed to the mid-rib, with the terminal lobe the largest (lyrate), the upper ones 
toothed or deeply lobed to the mid-rib (pinnatifid). \Plate 11. 
Common. Sides of streams, &c. May — August. Perennial. 
Reiehenbach’s Yellow Rocket. (Barbarea arcuata, Reichb.) — A similar species to the 
Common Winter Cress (Barbarea vulgaris), but with sharp-pointed, spreading pods, in a looser 
cluster. 
Rare. Ireland. May — August. Biennial. 
Small-flowered Yellow Rocket. (Barbarea stricta, Andrz.) — Another similar species, 
with smaller flowers and erect pods in a dense, narrow cluster (raceme). 
Rare, local. North of England. May — August. Biennial. 
"^Intermediate Yellow Rocket. (Barbarea intermedia, Boreau.) — Not a native; 
probably introduced with clover seeds from the Continent. Similar to the Common Winter Cress 
(Barbarea vulgaris), having the petals twice as long as the sepals, the pods erect, sharp-pointed, in 
a dense cluster, and the leaves more deeply cut. 
Rare, local ; introduced into cultivated, chiefly clover, fields. May — August. Biennial. 
* American Cress. (Barbarea prsecox, R.Br.) — Not a native, a common escape from 
gardens, where in the early spring it is largely grown for salad. The flowers are larger than in the 
preceding species, from which it is easily distinguished by the much longer, distant, spreading pods. 
An escape from cultivation. May — July. Biennial. 
ROCK CRESS. (ARABIS, LINN .) — Flowers small, white to pale yellow in the British species, 
in flat or slightly lengthened clusters (corymbs or racemes). Sepals 4, sometimes slightly pouched ; 
petals 4, clawed ; stamens 6, in pairs, one pair shorter than the other two ; carpels 2, the style 
being short or absent and the stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit-pod long, narrow, flattened, divided 
lengthwise into 2 cells by a thin partition, to either side of which the seeds are attached, the shell 
opening from base to apex by 2 valves (siliqua), the seeds being in 1 row in both cells. Herbs 
with the root leaves growing in a rosette on the ground and the stem leaves without stalks (sessile). 
Alpine Rock Cress. (Arabis alpina, Linn.) — Very rare. Very similar to the Hairy 
Rock Cress (Arabis hirsuta) described below, but with larger white flowers, more spreading pods, 
and toothed stem leaves. 
Very rare. Only found in the Isle of Skye. July — August. Perennial. 
Common Alpine Rock Cress. (Arabis petrsea, Lam.) — As just described. The flowers 
\ inch across, white tinged with purple ; the fruit-pod spreading, about £ inch long ; the stem 3-6 
inches high, branched at the base, and the root leaves oblong, stalked, some nearly entire, but 
more generally lobed from the midrib (pinnatifid), those of the upper stem stalkless (sessile)^ 
narrow, entire. 
Rare. Alpine rocks in Wales and Scotland. July — August. Perennial. 
Bristol Rock Cress. (Arabis stricta, Huds.) — As described in the genus Rock 
Cress (Arabis). The flowers cream-colour, with narrow, erect petals, the stem 5-10 inches 
C 
