THE VIOLET FAMILY 
33 
Haller’s Dogr Violet. (Viola StagTlina, Kit.) — Another similar species, with pale lilac 
or white petals, and a short blunt spur ; the stem with the main and side stems flowering and 
lengthening, the root giving out runners (stems which run along the ground, root, and form fresh 
plants), and with pointed, egg-shaped leaves, slightly heart-shaped at the base ; the stipules being 
narrowly lance-shaped and toothed. 
Very rare. Turf bogs. May — June. Perennial. 
Pansy, Heart’s-ease. (Viola tricolor, Linn.) — Flowers large, purple, whitish or yellow, 
or with a mixture of these three colours. Sepals 5, shorter than the petals, with large projections ; 
petals 5, spreading, unequal. Capsule oval. [As described in the genus Violet, Pansy (Viola).] 
Seeds produced by the perfect, showy flowers. Stem 4-10 inches high, erect, branched, angular; 
with the leaves long-stalked, pointed, egg-shaped, and scalloped (crenate) ; and the stipules leafy, 
deeply divided to the mid-rib into several lobes, the terminal one being the largest (lyrate). A 
very variable plant, with many varieties. \Plate 18. 
Very common. Cultivated ground. May — September. Annual. 
Small Field Pansy. (Viola arvensis, Murr.) — A very similar plant, differing in 
having small flowers, £-§ inch across, with erect white or yellow petals, the lower one with a yellow 
spot and 5 purple lines, the petals shorter or no longer than the sepals ; the capsule round, and 
the seeds produced by the showy, perfect flowers. 
Very common. Fields, cultivated ground. May — September. Annual. 
Sea Pansy. (Viola Curtisii, Forster.) — The flowers much larger than in the small 
Field Pansy (Viola arvensis), the spreading petals longer than the sepals, yellow, purple, blue, 
or parti-coloured. The capsule 3-sided, produced by. the showy, perfect flowers. The stem 3-10 
inches high, and branched. The root producing underground runners. [ Plate 18. 
Rare. Sandy shores in the west of England and Wales, and in Ireland. May — September. 
Perennial. 
Mountain Pansy. (Viola lutea, Huds.) — Flowers large, with yellow, purple, or parti- 
coloured petals, longer than the sepals. Capsule 3-sided, the seeds produced by the showy, 
perfect flowers. [As described in the genus Violet, Pansy (Viola).] Stem 6-12 inches high 
fairly erect, and angular; the leaves oblong, scalloped (crenate), with long stalks, and stipules 
divided to the base into narrow lobes which are all about equal. The root producing under- 
ground runners. 
Not uncommon in hilly and mountainous grassy districts in Wales, western and northern England 
and western Scotland. May — September. Perennial. 
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