THE ROSE FAMILY 
89 
erect in flower, deeply grooved, and thickly covered with hooked bristles after flowering ; petals 5 ; 
stamens 6-14. Fruit of 2 achenes, enclosed in the spinous calyx-tube. Stems 1-2 feet high, 
shaggy with soft hairs ; the leaves of the lower stem divided to the midrib into 2-4 pairs of egg- 
shaped (ovate), coarsely toothed (serrate) leaflets, and 1 terminal one (imparipinnate), intermixed 
with much smaller ones (interruptedly pinnate) ; the upper leaves smaller, and with fewer leaflets ; 
stipules half-moon shaped, and toothed. [. Plate 42. 
Common. Fields, waysides. June — August. Perennial. 
Scented Agrimony. (Agrimonia odorata, Mill.) — A very similar plant, having the 
flowers larger and denser ; the calyx-tube bell-shaped and hardly furrowed ; the leaves with yellow 
glands underneath, which give the plant an aromatic scent. 
Rare. Thickets and waste places. June — July. Perennial. 
BURNET. (POTERIUM, LINN.) — Flowers small, purplish, green, or white, in dense oval or 
cylindrical heads. Sepals 4, united into a top-shaped (turbinate) tube and separating into 4 teeth, 
remaining with the fruit (persistent), and becoming 4-winged when the fruit ripens ; petals o ; 
stamens 4-30, with filaments longer than the calyx (exserted), inserted in the throat of the calyx- 
tube, sometimes altogether absent in the upper flowers of the cluster; carpels 1-3, not united 
(free), or o. Fruit 1-3 achenes, small, dry, 1 -seeded fruits, decaying to free the seed (indehiscent), 
enclosed in the persistent, hardened, 4-winged calyx-tube. Herbs with leaves divided to the mid- 
rib into several pairs of leaflets and 1 terminal one (imparipinnate); and having leafy (foliaceous) 
stipules joined to the leaf-stalk (petiole). 
Common Salad Burnet. (Poterium Sanguisorba, Linn.)— Flowers small, green, tinged 
with crimson, in dense roundish heads, the upper flow r ersin the cluster female, with carpels and with- 
out stamens ; the lower male, with stamens and without carpels (monoecious), or perfect. Sepals 4 ; 
petals o ; stamens 20 — 30 in the lower flowers, with very long, pendulous, red filaments hanging 
outside the flower-head (exserted) in long tassels (so placing the pollen-bearing anthers where the 
wind can easily distribute the pollen, and so fertilise the plant), absent in the upper flow r ers of the 
head ; carpels 1-3, the stigma being tufted and crimson, usually absent in the lower flow'ers of the 
head. Fruit of 1-3 achenes, enclosed in the hardened 4-winged calyx-tube ; stem 6-18 inches high, 
woody; leaves divided to the midrib into 5-10 pairs of oval, coarsely toothed (serrate) leaflets 
with one terminal one (imparipinnate) ; stipules leafy (foliaceous), attached to the leaf-stalk 
(petiole). [. Plate 42. 
Common on chalky soils. Dry pastures, borders of fields. June — August. Perennial. 
*Priekly Salad Burnet. (Poterium polygamum, Waldst, & Kit.)— Not a native. 
A very similar plant to the Common Salad Burnet, having larger and longer flower-heads, larger 
fruit, with the winged calyx-tube strongly veined and dotted, and taller stems. 
Rare. Not a native. On chalky soil, borders of fields, sainfoin fields. June — August. Perennial. 
Great Burnet. (Poterium officinale, Hook, fil.) — Flowers small, purplish-brown, in 
dense oval, long-stalked heads. Sepals 4, purple (petaloid), united into a top-shaped (turbinate), 
winged tube, and separating into 4 teeth ; petals o ; stamens 4, longer than the sepals. Fruit an 
achene, a small, dry, 1 -seeded fruit which decays to free the seed, enclosed in the winged calyx- 
tube. Stem 1-2—4 feet high, branched, woody ; leaves divided to the midrib into 4-6 pairs of 
oblong, toothed (serrate), stalked leaflets, and one terminal one (imparipinnate), all slightly heart- 
shaped (cordate) at the base ; stipules leafy, half-moon shaped. 
Common in the midland and northern counties of England; rare elsewhere. June — August. 
Perennial. 
