THE SAXIFRAGE FAMILY 
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leafy bract beneath each. Sepals 5, almost free ; petals 5, twice as long as the sepals, white with 
two yellow spots at the base ; stamens 10, anthers red; pistils red. Fruit a capsule £ inch long 
with 2 short, spreading beaks. Leaves all from the root (radical) in a rosette, oblong, or egg- 
shaped (ovate), tapering at the base, with a few coarse teeth. 
Not common. Alpine rocks, by the side of mountain rills, in Wales, the north of England, 
Scotland, and Ireland. July — August. Perennial. 
Common London-pride, None-so-pretty, St. Patrick’s Cabbage. (Saxifraga 
umbrosa, Linn.) — Flowers small, pink spotted with a darker red, in a loose, branched, terminal 
cluster (cyme) on a leafless hairy stalk 6-12 inches high springing from the root (scape). Sepals 5, 
not united (free), oblong, turned back (reflexed); petals 5, twice as long as the sepals, oval, 
spreading; stamens 5, with red anthers- Leaves all from the root (radical) in a rosette, 
thick and leathery, oval, broader at the tip and narrowing to the base (spathulate), coarsely 
toothed. 
Rare. A native in Ireland, and common in County Kerry; an escape from gardens in 
England and Scotland. June — July. Perennial. 
Kidney-leaved London-pride. (Saxifraga Geum, Linn.) — A similar plant, differing in 
having kidney-shaped (reniform) leaves. 
Very rare. Mountains and woods in Ireland. June — July. Perennial. 
Hairy London-pride. (Saxifraga hirsuta, Linn.)— Another similar plant, differing in 
having more hairy, roundish or oval leaves, longer than broad, not heart-shaped at the base. 
Very rare. Mountains in the south-west of Ireland. June— July. Perennial. 
Yellow Marsh Saxifrage. (Saxifraga Hirculus, Linn.)— Flowers finch across, yellow 
spotted with scarlet, solitary or rarely 2 together, terminating a leafy stem. Sepals 5, hardly united, 
oblong, turned back ; petals 5, two or three times as long as the sepals, bright yellow spotted 
towards the base with scarlet. Capsule nearly 1 inch long, much longer than broad, with 2 short 
spreading beaks. Stems 4-8 inches high, very leafy, with flowerless shoots at the base ; leaves 
stalkless (sessile), narrow and oblong, alternate. 
Rare, local. Wet moors in the north of England, Scotland, and Ireland. July — September. 
Perennial. 
Yellow Mountain Saxifrage. (Saxifraga aizoides, Linn.)— Flowers \ inch across, 
yellow dotted with red or orange, 1-3 together, terminating a leafy stem. Sepals 5, yellow, almost 
as long as the petals, united at the base; petals 5, yellow, with red or orange dots. Capsule roundish, 
f inch across, with 2 short beaks. Stem 5-7 inches long, generally prostrate, with flowerless shoots 
at the base, and with the leaves stalkless (sessile), narrowly oval or strap-shaped, entire or rarely 
toothed, and fringed with a few hairs. 
Rare. Wet alpine rocks, by mountain rills. June — September. Perennial. 
Three-fingered Saxifrage. (Saxifraga tridactylites, Linn.) — Flowers minute, 
numerous, white, in very loose clusters. Sepals 5; petals 5, longer than the sepals; stamens 10. 
Stem |~5 inches high, slender, branched on specimens over 1 inch high, reddish, very hairy, with 
gland-tipped hairs ; the leaves entire and narrowly oblong, more frequently broadening at the tip 
and 3-lobed, covered with gland-tipped hairs, the root-leaves stalked. The whole plant pale 
green, generally tinged with red. \Plate 43. 
Common. Walls and dry places. April — July. Annual or biennial. 
White Meadow Saxifrage. (Saxifraga granulata, Linn.)— Flowers f-i inch across, 
white, 3-6 together in a terminal cluster (cyme). Sepals 5, covered with gland-tipped hairs ; petals 
5 ; stamens 10 : styles 2. Capsule with 2 short beaks. Stems 6-18 inches high, erect, simple or 
occasionally slightly branched, hairy, the hairs being gland-tipped at the top ; the leaves kidney- 
