THE PARSLEY FAMILY 
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leaflets (trifoliate ) ; the leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. The flowers have a very sickly, sweet 
smell. { Plate 51. 
Local. Formerly cultivated as a salad. Waste ground near the sea, especially near ruined castles 
and monasteries. April — June. Biennial. 
HARE’S EAR, BUPLEVER. (BUPLEURUM, LINN.) — Flowers yellowish, in clusters of 
shortly-stalked flowers, each cluster rising from the same point on a longer stalk, which longer 
stalks have one common starting-point on the main flowering-stalk (compound umbel). The 
bracts surrounding the clusters are variable, but usually overtop them. Calyx entirely combined 
with the seedcase, without teeth ; petals 5, broad, not bent inwards ; stamens 5 ; carpels 2. 
Fruit oval or oblong, flattened from side to side, with 10 ridges, composed of 2 united, i-seeded 
cases (cremocarp). Herbs, with undivided (simple) leaves, not toothed (entire), and parallel veins, 
and leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
Common Hare’s-ear. (Bupleurum rotundifolium, Linn.)— As just described. The 
flowers minute, yellow, each flower cluster surrounded by 4-6 egg-shaped (ovate), pointed, yellowish 
bracts, much longer than the flowers; the fruit oblong, dark-browm, with 10 ridges; the stem 6 
inches to 2 feet high, erect, slightly branched at the top, the leaves undivided, not toothed, broadly 
egg-shaped (ovate), stalkless (sessile), the upper ones clasping the stem and uniting round it so that 
the stem appears to pass through the leaf (perfoliate), smooth, and with a bluish bloom (glaucous). 
Very unlike the ordinary Parsley Family, at a glance resembling a Spurge. 
Rare. Only found in cornfields on chalky soil in the eastern and southern counties. June — July. 
Annual. 
Narrow-leaved Hare’s-ear. (Bupleurum aristatum, Bartl.) — Flowers minute, 
in smaller but similar clusters to the Common Hare’s-ear, with narrow 7 , green bracts ; the stems 
1-8 inches high, usually unbranched (simple), and the leaves narrow and grass-like. 
Very rare. Only found at Torquay, Eastbourne, and the Channel Isles, on sandy banks. July — 
August. Annual. 
Slender Hare’s-ear. (Bupleurum tenuissimum, Linn.)— Somewhat similar to the 
Narrow-leaved Hare’s-ear, but smaller, the flower clusters larger in proportion to the thin stem, and 
narrow, small leaves. \Plate 51. 
Rare. Salt marshes in the south-eastern counties, also some inland counties. August — Sep- 
tember. Annual. 
Sickle-leaved Hare’s-ear. (Bupleurum faleatum, Linn.)— The flowers yellow and 
similar to the other species, but with bracts shorter than the clusters ; the stem 1-4 feet high, 
branched ; the leaves of the upper stem stalkless (sessile), narrow, pointed and curved ; those 
of the root (radical) on long stalks and egg-shaped (ovate) ; the leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
Very rare. Found abundantly near Ongar in Essex, and in Surrey. August — September. 
Perennial. 
HONEWORT. (TRINIA, HOFFM.) — Flowers minute, white, without stamens on one plant and 
without carpels on another (dioecious), in clusters of shortly-stalked flowers, each cluster rising from 
the same point on a longer stalk, w r hich longer stalks all have one common starting-point on the 
main flowering-stalk (compound umbels). Bracts surrounding the umbels few or none. Calyx 
entirely combined with the seedcase, without teeth ; petals 5, with the tip bent imvards ; stamens 
5 or o ; carpels 2 or o. Fruit oval, flattened and ridged, composed of 2 united cases, each con- 
taining 1 hanging seed (cremocarps). Much-branched herbs, with leaves divided to the midrib into 
