1 12 WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
several pairs of leaflets and i terminal one, which in the lower leaves are similarly divided again 
and again (tri-imparipinnate). Leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
Honewort. (Trinia gdaberrima, Hoffm.) — The only British species (as just described). 
The flowers in very small clusters; the stem 3-12 inches high, stout, solid, grooved; the leaves 
divided to the midrib into several pairs of distinct leaflets, and x terminal one, which in the 
root-leaves are similarly divided again and again (tripinnate), finally into narrow 3-lobed leaflets. 
Very rare. Limestone rocks in Devonshire, Bristol, and Somerset. May — June. Perennial. 
CARAWAY, PARSLEY. (CARUM, LINN.) — Flowers white, yellow, or pink, in clusters of 
shortly-stalked flowers, all rising from the same point on longer stalks, which longer stalks all have 
one common starting-point on the main flowering-stalk (compound umbels). Bracts many, few, or 
none. Calyx entirely combined with the seedcase, without teeth ; petals 5, roundish, with the tip 
bent inwards, apparently notched ; stamens 5 ; carpels 2. Fruit oval to round, flattened, ridged, 
composed of 2 united cases, each containing x hanging seed (cremocarps). Plants of various 
habits, with finely divided leaves and leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
Whorled Caraway. (Carum verticillatum, Koch.)— As just described. The flowers 
pinkish ; the bracts surrounding the main cluster and each separate flower cluster many and lance- 
shaped ; the fruit oval, flattened, ribbed, yellowish-brown; the stem 1-2 feet high, erect, slightly 
branched, and wiry ; the leaves divided to the midrib into many pairs of leaflets which are 
divided into hair-like segments, which give the leaf the appearance of being whorled ; the leaf- 
stalks sheathing at the base. \Plate 51. 
Rare, local. Wet meadows in Wales, the Lake district, the south-west of Scotland, and Ireland. 
July— August. Perennial. 
^Common Parsley. (Carum Petroselinum, Benth. & Hook, fil.)— Not a native. 
Flowers yellow ; the bracts surrounding the main cluster few, one of them often lobed to the mid- 
rib (pinnatifid) ; and those surrounding each little flower cluster numerous and lance-shaped ; the 
fruit oval, flattened, and ridged. [As described in the genus Carum.] The stem 1-2 feet high, 
erect, stout, furrowed ; and the leaves shining, divided into 3 leaflets (trifoliate), which are divided 
to the midrib into several pairs of leaflets and 1 terminal one, which are in their turn similarly 
divided into lobed or serrate leaflets (bi-imparipinnate) ; the leaf-stalks with sheathing bases. 
Rare. An escape from gardens, found on rocks and old walls. June — August. Biennial. 
Corn Parsley. (Carum segetum, Benth. & Hook, fil.) — Flowers minute, white, the 
flowers and clusters being few and on unequal stalks ; the bracts surrounding the main umbel 2-3, 
narrow ; those surrounding each flower cluster 3-4, narrow, short ; the fruit 2-seeded, oval, ridged, 
and olive-green. [As described in the genus Carum.] The stem 1-2 feet high, branched, 
slender, and wiry ; the leaves chiefly from the root (radical), divided to the midrib into 
several pairs of egg-shaped (ovate), toothed leaflets, with 1 terminal one (imparipinnate) ; the 
upper leaves few, small, with a few narrow leaflets ; leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
Local. Waysides, banks, and waste places in southern and central England. August — September. 
Biennial. 
^Common Caraway. (Carum Carvi, Linn.)— Not a native. The flowers white ; the 
bracts o or 1 ; the fruit narrowly oval and ribbed. [As described in the genus Carum.] The stem 
1-2 feet high, erect, much branched, and the leaves divided to the midrib into several pairs of short, 
stalkless (sessile) leaflets and 1 terminal one, which in the lower leaves are in their turn similarly 
divided into strap-shaped, lobed leaflets (bi-imparipinnate) ; the leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
The fruit is the well-known “ caraway seed ” used in confectionery. 
Not common ; an escape from cultivation. Waste places, meadows. June — July. Biennial. 
