THE PARSLEY FAMILY 
125 
with numerous incurved, not hooked bristles. [As just described in the genus Caucalis.] 
The stem 2-3 feet high, erect, hairy, wiry, and branched ; the leaves hairy, of the upper stem divided 
to the midrib into 1 or 2 pairs of leaflets and 1 terminal one, of the lower stem similarly divided 
and sub-divided, the leaflets being lobed and toothed ; and the leaf-stalks sheathing at the base. 
[Plate 59. 
Knotted Hedge-Parsley. (Caucalis nodosa, Scop.)— Flowers small, pinkish white, the 
entire clusters, which are opposite the leaves, being very small, almost round, nearly stalkless, and 
composed of only 2-3 short flower clusters ; no bracts ; and the fruit smaller than in any of the other 
species, egg-shaped, the outer ones being covered with short, hooked bristles, and the inner ones with 
warts. [As described in the genus Caucalis.] The stem 6 inches to 2 feet long, prostrate and hairy ; 
and the leaves divided to the midrib into several pairs of leaflets and 1 terminal one (imparipinnate), 
which are similarly sub-divided into small, narrow, lobed leaflets ; the leaf-stalks sheathing at the 
base. 
Common in the south of England. Dry, sunny banks. May — June. Annual. 
PEPPER SAXIFRAGE. (SILAUS, BESS.) — Flowers yellowish- or greenish-white, in clusters of 
shortly-stalked flowers, all starting from the same point on longer stalks, which longer stalks have 
one common starting-point on the main flowering-stalk (compound umbels). Bracts variable. 
Calyx without teeth ; petals 5, with the tip slightly bent inwards ; stamens 5 ; carpels 2. Fruit 
oblong, not flattened, with 10 sharp, slightly winged ridges, composed of 2 united cases, each 
containing 1 hanging seed (cremocarp). Herbs with much divided leaves, and leaf-stalks sheathing 
at the base. 
Pepper Saxifrage, Sulphur-wort. (Silaus flavescens, Bernh.)— The only British 
species (as just described). The flowers greenish-yellow ; bracts 1 or 2; the fruit dark brown 
when ripe ; the stems 1-3 feet high, solid and tough, slightly branched ; and the leaves divided 
to the midrib, those of the root being several times similarly divided, all being of a dull dark 
green. [ Plate 59. 
Not common. Pastures and meadows. June — September. Perennial. 
