144 
WILD FLOWERS OF THE BRITISH ISLES 
Senecio.] Flower-bracts in i row, yellowish. Stem 1-3 feet high, only branched at the top, very 
thick, hollow, shaggily woolly, with leaves crowded up to the flowers, the leaves being stalkless 
(sessile), half clasping the stem (semi-amplexicaul), broadly lance-shaped, remotely toothed, slightly 
woolly. 
Rare. Fen ditches in the eastern counties. June — July. Biennial. 
Field Fleawort. (Senecio campestris, DC.) — Flower-heads similar to the last species, 
f-i inch across, 2-6 in a terminal cluster (corymb). Stem 3-12 inches high, unbranched (simple), 
hoary. Leaves of the stem few, lance-shaped, stalkless (sessile), half clasping the stem (semi- 
amplexicaul) ; of the root (radical) in a rosette, 1-2 inches long, generally entire. 
Rare. On chalky pastures and waysides. May — June. Perennial. 
Seaside Fleawort. (Senecio spathulaefolius, DC.)— A similar plant, but with larger 
and more numerous flower-heads. Taller, and with its root (radical) leaves broader at the tip and 
narrowing at the base (spathulate). 
On sea rocks near Holyhead. June — July. Biennial or Perennial. 
FLEA-BANE. (ERIGERON, LINN.) — Heads many-flowered, solitary or in masses. The outer 
(ray) florets numerous, narrowly strap-shaped (ligulate), without stamens (female), in many 
rows, white or purple ; the inner (disk) florets tubular, yellow, generally perfect or without carpels 
(male), sometimes surrounded by stamenless (female) tubular florets. Flower-bracts in many rows, 
membranous. Calyx-tube surmounted with hairs ; petals 5, united at the base and spreading into 
a flat, strap-shaped limb (ligulate) in the outer florets, or united into a tube and separating into 5 
short teeth (tubular) in the centre florets ; stamens 5, with united anthers, or o ; carpels 2, united, 
or o. Fruit an achene tipped with the lengthened calyx-hairs (pappus). Herbs with narrow 
(linear), entire, stalkless (sessile), alternate leaves. 
^Canadian Flea-bane. (Erigeron canadense, Linn.)— Not a native. As just des- 
cribed. Flower-heads many, small, in long terminal clusters (panicles). The outer (ray) florets 
narrowly strap-shaped (ligulate), white or flesh-coloured, and the inner (disk) perfect, pale yellow. 
Flower-bracts very narrow (linear), unequal, membranous. Stem 1-2 feet high, branched ; leaves 
numerous, narrow, entire, fringed with hairs (ciliate). 
Local, introduced from North America. August — September. Annual. 
Blue Flea-bane. (Erigeron acre, Linn.)— Flower-heads rather longer than broad, 
solitary, terminating the stem and branches and forming a very loose cluster. The outer (ray) 
florets narrowly strap-shaped (ligulate), purple ; the inner centre (disk) florets perfect, and the outer 
without stamens (female), yellow. [As just described in the genus Erigeron.] Flower-bracts with 
slender red points. Stem r-2 feet high, erect, slender, with many branches, hairy, reddish; the leaves 
of the stem entire, oblong, numerous, stalkless (sessile), half clasping the stem (semi-amplexicaul) ; 
those of the root (radical) stalked, and entire. [ Plate 67. 
Not common. Found on banks, dry pastures, and sand-hills. July — September. Biennial. 
Alpine Flea-bane. (Erigeron alpinum, Linn). — Flower-heads solitary, terminal, largish. 
The outer (ray) florets spreading, long, strap-shaped (ligulate), without stamens (female), purple ; 
the centre (disk) florets tubular, yellow, the central ones perfect and the outer without stamens 
(female). [As described in the genus Erigeron.] Flower-bracts very hairy, narrow (linear), with 
slender crimson points. Stems 3-8 inches high, hairy, simple, or with 2 or 3 branches near the 
top. Leaves entire, strap-shaped, stalkless. 
Very rare. On Alpine rocks in Perthshire and Forfarshire. July — August. Perennial. 
