i5o 
Garden Work 
Trees should never be planted when the soil is wet. 
The best time for planting is as soon as possible after 
all the leaves have fallen in the autumn. They will then 
have time to heal, and take hold of the soil, before growth 
commences in spring. 
The Apple bears its fruit on spurs, so that practically 
the same details of pruning, &c., will suit it as advised 
for the Pear. 
The distance apart for large orchard trees may be 
from 24 to 36 ft., according to the varieties — whether 
strong -growing or otherwise. Pyramids may be planted 
from 9 to 1 5 ft. apart, while cordons may be planted 
from 18 in. to 2 ft. apart. The horizontal cordons, which 
are perhaps more ornamental than useful, may be planted 
from 6 to 10 ft. apart. If the latter are planted round 
rose beds or other ornamental corners, with the stem about 
2 ft. high, and a branch growing out from each side, along 
a wire or wooden rail, they look very effective when in 
flower, and also again when the fruit is ripening. They 
must be kept closely pruned, and summer pruning must 
be done early. The buds must even be pinched again, 
if necessary. 
Fruit trees, like all other trees, require manuring to 
keep them healthy and in good fruiting condition, but 
care must be taken not to overmanure them, or they 
will produce a quantity of rank wood and very little fruit, 
especially when nitrogenous manures are used. 
For trees which are below the standard of vigour a 
good mulching of cow manure in spring, with occasional 
thorough waterings with liquid manure during the season, 
will be beneficial. All fruit trees benefit by an application 
