The Cultivation of Flowers 
175 
Canterbury Bells. — Very pretty and showy biennials. 
The seeds may be sown in drills, about the middle of June. 
When large enough they should be pricked out in rows 
9 in. apart, with 12 in. between the rows. In the autumn, 
when the summer plants are removed, these may be trans- 
planted into their permanent quarters. They should have 
plenty of room — 15 to 18 in. apart at least; they will then 
branch out splendidly, and make a striking show in the late 
spring. 
Sweet William. — A very popular biennial. Seeds 
should be sown in April, in little drills f in. deep. As 
soon as large enough they should be pricked out on a 
border of fairly rich soil, and then, in the early autumn, put 
into their permanent quarters. In the following spring 
they will produce fine spikes of brightly coloured flowers. 
There are many other hardy biennials, but the above 
examples will be sufficient as a general guide to their 
cultivation. 
PERENNIALS 
Perennials are plants which go on from year to year 
making considerable growth, producing flowers and seed, 
the stems dying down, but the root remaining alive in 
the ground and producing buds which send up stems the 
following season. Such plants are termed herbaceous 
perennials. 
Other plants which grow on from year to year, pro- 
ducing flowers and seed, but which do not die down, are 
known as woody perennials. 
I he Herbaceous Perennials are those which we have to 
deal with here. They may all be raised from seed, which 
