260 
Garden Work 
commences on both sides, and a union is very soon effected. 
If, however, the two layers of cambium tissue do not come 
into contact at any point, no union is possible, and the 
graft will not take. 
This cambium layer being in the same position in all 
plants of the same kind, it is not neces- 
sary to know where the layer is exactly, 
but if the bark of the stock (the plant on 
which the graft is to be put) and the bark 
of the scion (the part of the plant which 
is grafted on to the other plant) are ex- 
actly opposite, at least at one part, a union 
will take place; but the more the two 
barks, and consequently the two layers, 
come together the better will be the 
union. This should always be carefully 
The most effective and one of the sim- 
plest methods of grafting is the “whip” 
or “tongue”. It is generally used when 
both the stock and scion are about the 
same size, therefore for grafting on seed- 
lings. When everything is in readiness 
the scion should be cut through obliquely 
with a sharp knife, and then a tongue should be formed 
by making a cut in the opposite direction from about one- 
third of the length of the cut from the end, right into the 
shoot. After this, without any delay, the stock should be 
cut through in a corresponding manner, and then another 
cut should be made downwards to correspond exactly with 
borne in mind when grafting is being 
done. 
