Hybridization and Crossbreeding 269 
of ten or twelve years. But if success is attained, then a 
good work has been accomplished. This should be the 
aim of everyone, and especially every young gardener. 
Before anyone can proceed with such work, he must 
understand what he is 
working with, and how 
he is to accomplish that 
work. 
First we have the 
two essential parts of the 
flower, the androecium 
or stamens — the male 
part — andthegynaeceum 
or pistil — the female 
part. 
Now, at the end of 
each of the stamens 
there is, in most cases, 
a small oval - shaped 
body, the anther. If 
we look closely at one 
of these anthers we find 
that, apparently, it is 
divided into two. This 
is really the case, there 
being two anther lobes, 
each with two pollen sacs in most anthers. But these 
are joined together by the connective tissue. Now, inside 
these sacs there is, at an early stage of their develop- 
ment, a longitudinal row of cells. These divide into four, 
forming the pollen grains. As they grow they absorb 
Flower of Cistus, Sepals and Petals temoved 
