CCVI.— ANALYTICAL DRAWINGS OF THE 
CORNEL FAMILY AND THE HEATH ORDER. 
( Cornacece and Ericales.) 
T HE first of the eight plants analysed on this Plate is more nearly allied to those 
figured on Plate CXCVIII than to those with which it appears here, the Family 
Cornace# belonging, like the Araliace# , to the Order Umbelliflor# , and differing both 
from the Umbellifer^e and from most of the Ericaceae in being represented by woody 
shrubs of some size. The flowers are biologically like those of the Umbellifer<e ; but 
are homogamous. Though presenting considerable resemblance to those of such 
Caprifoliace £ as the Laurestinus ( Viburnum Tinus Linn£), they differ in being 
polypetalous. Their tetramerous symmetry is generally carried out by the presence 
of only two carpels ; but Mrs. Perrin’s dissection of a Dogwood berry represents 
an exceptional case with three. Fig. i is a flower slightly enlarged, the four reflexed 
petals concealing the minute sepals ; Fig. 2 is the same in longitudinal section ; 
Fig. 3, a gynaeceum, natural size ; Fig. 4, the same rather later ; Fig. 5, a much 
enlarged representation of this part of the flower, showing the honey-glands ; and 
Fig. 6, an enlarged transverse section of the drupaceous but three-chambered fruit 
with stony endocarps. 
A glance at the seven other rows of figures on the Plate shows the strong 
family resemblances between the flowers and fruits of the various genera in the 
Order Ericales. None of the Rhododendrons appearing here, we are impressed by 
the generally small urceolate corollas : the anther-chambers invariably dehisce by 
pores and are very often awned ; while the flower symmetry — best shown in the 
transverse sections of the fruits — may be pentamerous or tetramerous. 
The Family Pyrolace<e , it must be admitted, is separated by but slight characters 
from the Ericaceae. The first figure in the second line is a flower of Pyrola media 
Swartz, natural size. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the same, with the corolla 
removed ; Fig. 3, a stamen, showing the two terminal pores and the absence of 
awns ; Fig. 4, a gynaeceum, natural size ; Fig. 5, the same enlarged ; Fig. 6, the 
same in transverse section, showing the five carpels and the large central placentas ; 
Fig. 7, a ripe, loculicidally dehiscent fruit, enlarged ; and Fig. 8, one of the 
characteristically elongated seeds with a loose testa. 
The third line represents Andromeda Polifolia Linn£, Fig. 1 showing a flower, 
natural size ; Fig. 2, the same enlarged in longitudinal section, with the stamens 
detached from the style in cutting the section ; Fig. 3, the eight stamens adherent 
to the displayed corolla ; Fig. 4, a single stamen enlarged, showing the subulate 
hairy filament, suspended anther, sub-terminal pores, and ascending awns which are, 
however, often crossed over one another ; Fig. 5, pedicel, calyx, and gynaeceum, 
natural size ; Fig. 6, gynaeceum, isolated ; and Fig. 7, an enlarged transverse section 
through the ovary, showing its five chambers and central placentation. 
