ANALYTICAL DRAWINGS OF THE MIGNONETTE, SUNDEW, 
STONE-CROP, AND SAXIFRAGE FAMILIES— continued. 
from the point of view of comparative anatomy. Fig. 5 shows the gynasceum, 
natural size ; Fig. 6, a single carpel in longitudinal section ; and Fig. 7, the same 
structure in transverse section. 
The fifth line of figures represents the Wall Pennywort {Cotyledon Umbilicus- 
Veneris Ifinnd). Fig. i is a flower, natural size, showing the small calyx and the 
tubular corolla tinged with colour at its base in the neighbourhood of the honey 
glands. Fig. 2 is the corolla, so opened as to exhibit the two whorls of epipetalous 
stamens ; Fig. 3 shows the gynaeceum ; Fig. 4, the same part enlarged ; Fig. 5, a 
carpel, also enlarged ; and Fig. 6, a transverse section across it. 
The last three lines of figures represent ^axifragacete ; but such very diverse 
types as Saxi/raga, Parnassin, and Rihes. Line six deals with Saxifraga granulata 
Linne, the first figure showing a blossom of natural size, as seen from above. 
Fig. 2 is the calyx ; Fig. 3, the calyx and stamens, as seen from above ; Fig. 4, a 
side view of the ovary and stamens ; Fig. 5, the stigmas in their earlier incurved 
position ; Fig. 6, a young fruit with them in the later recurved position ; Fig. 7, 
one of the spoon-shaped stigmas enlarged ; and Fig. 8, a ripe fruit. 
The penultimate line represents the beautiful and interesting Grass of Parnassus 
{Parnassia palustris Linne). Fig. i is a flower, as seen from above ; Fig. 2 is a 
stamen ; Fig. 3, a nectary with a curved obovate nectariferous base and a fringe of 
dry honey-like sham nectar glands. Fig. 4 shows the same structure enlarged ; 
Fig. 5, the ovary ; Fig. 6, a transverse section of it ; and Fig. 7, the same section 
enlarged, so as to make clear the four carpels with their prominent parietal 
many-seeded placentas projecting into the single ovarian cavity. 
The last line of figures deals with the Gooseberry [Ribes Grossularia Linne). 
Fig. I is a flower opened, so as to disclose the ovary, and enlarged. Fig. 2 shows 
the calyx, with the little scale-like petals between its lobes and the perigynous 
stamens. Fig. 3 is the gynaeceum ; Fig. 4, a young fruit in longitudinal section ; 
and Fig. 5, the same in transverse section, enlarged, showing the two parietal placentas 
and the seeds which are borne on rather long stalks or funicles and have a thick 
pulpy transparent testa which constitutes much of the pulp of the interior of the 
fruit. The inner coats of these seeds are dark-coloured, hard, and thick, like the 
testa in other seeds. 
