ANALYTICAL DRAWINGS OF THE FAMILY ROSACEA— continued. 
without the petals ; Fig. 8, a later stage, when the petals are withering ; Figs. 9 and 
10, the gradual swelling of the base of the receptacular tube to form the fruit, after 
the petals have fallen ; Fig. ii, the fruit in longitudinal section ; and Fig. 12, the 
same, in transverse section. It is interesting to note in Fig. 1 1 how the stigmas 
still remain above the young fruit ; and in a transverse section it will be found that, 
though imbedded, the carpels are not themselves actually united. 
The Hawthorn is represented in Britain by two sub-species, with one and two 
carpels respectively, and it is the former which is shown in Figs. 13-18. Fig. 13 is 
a flower; Fig. 14, the same, without its petals; Fig. 15, the calyx ; Fig. 16, a 
section of a flower ; Fig. 17, the fruit, showing the one withered stigma surrounded 
by the withered sepals ; and Fig. 18, the same in section. 
The Sub-Family Rosoide^e has one-seeded, indehiscent carpels, generally 
numerous and forming dry achenes. It comprises several Tribes, three of which 
have British representatives. The Tribe Potentillete has usually a number of distinct 
carpels arranged spirally ; and comprises the Brambles and Raspberries, in which 
each carpel forms a fleshy miniature drupe or drupel^ the Strawberries, Potentillas, 
Avens, etc. In the Strawberry (Figs. 19-22) there is an epicalyx, a fleshy 
outgrowth from the receptacle, and a lateral style to each of the carpels scattered 
over it. Fig. 19 is a flower ; Fig. 20, one without its petals, showing the epicalyx ; 
Fig. 21, the fruit; and Fig. 22, a single carpel. In the Herb Bennet (Figs. 23-27), 
Fig. 23 is a flower ; Fig. 24, the calyx ; Fig. 25, the gynaeceum, when young ; 
Fig. 26, a ripe carpel, showing the curious kink in the style which gives rise to 
the hook of the bur ; and Fig. 27, a petal. 
The Tribe Sanguisorbe<£^ in which the receptacle forms a cup which hardens 
round the carpels in the fruit, comprises the Lady’s-mantles, Agrimony, and Burnets. 
Fig. 28 represents one of the little green flowers of Alchemilla vulgaris; Fig. 29, two 
of the four stamens, one bursting ; and Fig. 30, the solitary carpel on its carpophore, 
with its basilar style, and also a view of it in section. Fig. 31 is a flower of 
Alchemilla alpina ; and Fig. 32 shows the centre of it so enlarged as to make clear 
the honey-secreting ring round the mouth of the receptacular tube. 
In the Tribe Rosea the hollowed receptacle becomes fleshy in the fruit and 
encloses, without imbedding, the numerous achenes. Fig. 33 is a flower of the 
Burnet Rose ; Fig. 34 shows the same, without the petals ; Fig. 35, the fruit ; 
Fig. 36, the same, in section; and Fig. 37, a single carpel. 
The Sub-Family Prunoidea has simple leaves and a fruit formed from a single 
carpel with no persistent calyx or enlargement of the receptacle. Prunus, in a wide 
sense, is the only British genus. Fig. 38 is the flower of the Blackthorn or Sloe ; 
Fig. 39, its calyx ; Fig. 40, the flower in section and enlarged ; Fig. 41, the young 
carpel in section, so as to show the pendulous ovule, enlarged ; and Fig. 42, the 
fruit in section, also enlarged. 
