39 
Synoptica l and Specific Descriptions. 
85. ANACARDIUM. Flowers polygamous in large terminal panicles. Calyx-segments 5 ; petals 5 ; stamens about 10, not all equal ; ovary a free, sessile, i-seeded nut, with 
an oblique style, changing to reniform as it advances. Fruit reniform, attached by one end to the much-enlarged, succulent, edible, oblong pedicel. 
A. occidentale, Linn. V •rn. names 1, Cashew ; 2, Caju or Cajueiros ; 4 to 11, Canjew. A spreading evergreen tree, originally introduced long ago from America ; 
widely distributed and protected by the natives ; and now the most frequent tree in the Province in or near where cultivation is, or has been, practised. Many large 
areas of abandoned lands are almost pure open forests of this tree, and the natives never cut it down as it supplies both food and drink. Flowers polygamous ; 
either pistillate only, with a somewhat reniform ovary and lateral style from the sinus ; staminate only with about 10 stamens, of which one is long ; or having both 
pistil and stamens, of which the former is conical subulate and abortive, and the latter all short except one. The so-called “ fruit ” is a swollen pedicel, 4-6 c.m. long, 
4 c.m. diameter, forming the well-known succulent and edible article ; the true fruit is the upper reniform portion usually known as the Cashew-nut, eaten roasted, 
and distilled into a strong spirit. Leaves obovate, rounded at the apex, narrowed below, petiolate, glabrous 10-15 c.m. long, 5 7 c.m. wide, prominently veined 
below. Timber useful. 
Plate XXVIII. x, Tree, general aspect (reduced) ; 2, Panicle and leaves ; 3, Flower (slightly enlarged) ; 4, Flower, with abortive pistil, 1 long and several short stamens (petals removed), x 3 ; 
5, Flower with stamens only (petals removed), x 3 ; 6, Flower with fertile pistil only (petals removed), x 3 ; 7, Fruit and so-called “ fruit.” 
86. SCLEROCARYA. Flowers dioecious or polygamous. Sepals 4-5 ; petals 4-5. Male flower — stamens 14-18, inserted round a small fleshy disc, pistil rudimentary. 
Female flower— stamens impotent, ovary 2-3 pointed, 2-3 celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. Drupe with a 2-3 celled stone, 1 seed in each cell. Seeds exalbuminous. 
Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, glabrous. 
S. caffra, Sond. Vern. names— 2, Ocanheiras ; 4, Okania and Helinga-maash ; 5, 6, 7, 8, Tsula ; 10, Mtula or Motula ; 13, Um-gamo j 16, Morula. A rounded, much- 
branched, low, deciduous, dioecious tree, usually found in open grass or thorn country rather than in dense forest. Leaves 12-30 c.m. long, 10-12 c.m. wide, simply 
pinnate ; leaflets about 4 pairs and a terminal one, all ovate, acute, oblique at the base, 3-5 c.m. long, 2-3 c.m. wide, with a 2 c.m. slender petiole. Male inflorescence 
in many-flowered racemes 6-9 c.m. long, clustered under the new leaves, mostly with 4 petals, 14-18 stamens and rudimentary pistil ; female flowers 1-3 on peduncles 
2- 3 c.m. long, also clustered below the new leaves, and with 5 petals, impotent stamens, and ovary 2-3 pointed, 3-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. Fruit elliptical, 
3- 4 c.m. long, containing one 3-pointed 2-3 celled bony nut, with 1 seed in each cell, the seed growing through an opening at the top of the cell, and the empty nut 
afterwards showing 2-3 holes at its apex like a palm seed. The thick oily cotyledons are edible and the fruit is used for the production of an intoxicating liquor. 
The bark is used for water-buckets, for drums for peanuts, &c., and for boats. 
Plate XXIX. 1, Leaf ; 2, Male inflorescence ; 3, Pistillate inflorescence ; 4, Do. after fertilization ; 5, Pistillate flower; x 5 ; 6, Male flower, x 5 ; 7, Section of ovary, x 5 ; 8, Fruit ; 9, Seed ; to, 
Tree, general aspect (much reduced). 
87. HITZERIA. Unknown to me; described by Prof. Oliver as follows: — “Flowers monoecious. Calyx 4 (s)-lobed ; segments oval, valvate and exceeding the petals in 
bud. Petals 4 (5), inserted on the calyx, slightly imbricate. Stamens (of male flowers) 8, alternately shorter, inserted on the calyx ; anthers oval-oblong ; mucronate, 
versatile; ovary o. Female flower 5-merous. Stamens 10, rudimentary; ovary 3-celled; style short; stigma peltate, 3-lobulate. Drupe tomentosc, icelled, 
1 -seeded. Seed ascending with a minute inferior radicle and thick, fleshy, plano-convex cotyledons. Tree. Leaves clustered at the extremities, unequally pinnate, 
5-7 foliate, scabrid-pubescent. Flowers small, in spicate racemes, buds oblong. Drupes edible. Monotypic. 
“ H. edulis, Klotzsch in Peters’ Mossamb. Bot. 89. Leaflets oval or ovate oblong, acute or obtuse, rounded at the base, the lateral opposite, sub-sessile, shortly hispid or 
scabrid-pubescent at least when young, not exceeding 2J in. in our specimens. Mozambique, Dr. Peters, (?) Tette, Zambesia, Kirk, but leafless and fragmentary.” 
CALYCIFLOR-dE. Group II. 
Sepals connate at the base. Calyx-tube without distinguishable disc, but bearing the petals and stamens near its edge or on the base of its lobes. 
CALYCIFLORzE. Group II. Section i. 
Ovary superior, carpels 1 or more, free or partly connate. Stamens alternate with the petals when isomerous, usually more numerous, 
