Synoptical and Specific Descriptions. 
95 
extending well inland, but not away from where brack water occasionally covers the roots. Being of comparatively little use itself, in many places it occupies sites 
which might be beneficially occupied with the much more valuable Red Mangrove. Occurs also in Natal and Cape Colony, and in almost all tropical lagoons. 
Plate LXXXIII. i, Fruiting branch ; 2, Section of fruit ; 3, Newly germinated plantlct ; 4, Seedling, with cotyledons still attached ; 5, Tree, general aspect (reduced). 
SERIES IV. — INCOMPLETE. 
Calyx and corolla not both present, and in some cases both absent. Ovules in closed ovaries. 
INCOMPLETE. Group I. Ovary i-celled, i-seeded. 
FAMILY LI.- LAURINEE 
Inflorescence axillary, in short panicles or racemes. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, inconspicuous ; the perianth usually 6-fid, in 2 rows ; stamens 9 in the male flower, 
opening by 2-4 lid-like valves lifting upward, modified into 6 staminodia in the female flower ; ovary superior, i-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule ; style short, with peltate stigma ; 
fruit more or less surrounded by the calyx ; seed exalbuminous. Leaves simple, alternate, entire, exstipulate. The Cinnamon tree, the Camphor tree, the Bay Laurel, the 
Avocado Pear and the Black Stinkwood belong to this Family. A large tropical and sub-tropical Family, poorly represented here. 
201. CRYPTOCARYA. Flowers bisexual, small, panicled. Perianth urceolate with a narrow throat, 6-fid, the lobes at last deciduous, and the tube enlarging round the 
ovary and completely enclosing the fruit. Stamens 9 in 2 rows, the outer 6 with introrse dehiscence, the inner 3 extrorse, with a gland at the base at each side, 
and alternating with 3 staminodia. Style filiform ; ovary enclosed in the perianth. 
C. acuminata, Schinz. Vern. names — 13, Tunga ; 15, Nigrafsu, and Nynkulabsub. A small tree 4-7 metres high and 15-20 c.m. diameter, having hard, close-grained, 
brown timber. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, coriaceous, entire, ovate-acuminate, 2-5-5 c - m - long, 2 '3 c.m. wide, glabrous, shining above. Fruit 1-2 c.m. diameter, 
dark brown. Frequent in the Lebombo kloofs ; not seen elsewhere in the Province. For illustration, see “ Forest Flora of Cape Colony." 
Plate CXXIII. fig. 2. 
FAMILY LII.— PROTEACEE 
Trees and shrubs, with exstipulate, simple, entire or divided, rigid, coriaceous, alternate, sub-opposite or whorled leaves, often imbricating or crowded, and usually 
twisted off the horizontal plane ; inflorescence usually capitate and terminal, but in some kinds spiked or racemose. Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, branches often 
umbellate. Perianth regular or irregular, valvate in bud, 4-merous, but often not evidently so, the segments being variously connate, or appearing as 2 segments ; stamens 4, 
opposite and attached to the upper part of the perianth segments, either regular, or 3 together and 1 separate or partially barren ; anthers 2-cellcd, splitting. Ovary superior, 
i-celled ; style simple ; fruit (in local genera) a i-seeded nut. Seeds exalbuminous ; embryo straight ; radicle inferior. A large and very natural South African and Australian 
Family, poorly represented in the Tropics, and, so far as I know, by only 3 species in this Province. 
202. PROTEA. Shrublets, shrubs or small trees up to about 5 metres in height, having more or less whorled branches, undivided, entire, leathery, alternate leaves ; and 
hermaphrodite flowers capitate in large many-flowered heads, involucred by numerous coriaceous and sometimes coloured bracts, the whole head having the general 
appearance of a large flower-head belonging to the Family Compositae. Perianth long and slender, with one free segment bearing 1 anther in a slit on its face, and 
the other 3 segments quite connate, bearing 3 anthers in 1 slit on its face ; the segments seldom straight, usually much twisted in the slender middle portion. 
Style long, subulate, rigid, persistent on the nut which is coated with bristly hairs. About 60 species are described, mostly from Cape Colony, others are still 
undescribed, among which, probably are the 2 species which occur in poor wet sandy flats in Magenja da Costa. One of these, known as (10) A/eve grows in 
several places between Arenga and Bajon, while the other grows on drier ground near Mujeba. Neither are of timber size or used for any purpose. For 
illustrations of various Proteae, see “ Forest Flora of Cape Colony,” Plates CXXV., CXXVI., CXXVII., CXXVIII. 
203. FAUREA. Trees or shrubs, having scattered alternate leathery simple exstipulate leaves and many-flowered spikes of irregular hermaphrodite flowers, without involucre. 
Perianth cylindrical in bud, after it bursts having 1 segment almost free, and the other 3 connate, all deciduous, and each segment bearing an anther on its face. 
