Miscellaneous Economic Products. 
*43 
Euphorbia gnndidens has a simitar use, and L latex of the to °" "* ““ '**'* wounded; ,he ,atc! ‘ from 
colours. ?n?uchlti:tToTM ^ “ d -* —ling 
least can colour leather, are not used as local dyes, nor is the tannin principle in Braehv-Upm'n ,1 , 1 * U ° nown ° r their .use understood. The Mangroves, which at 
uncoloured ; the Banyans import Indian coloured goods for themselves and probablv the onl'v In 1^ C0 ° un " 8 ag * nt 111 lcrmmil,ia so used - The nat| vc dresses arc entirely 
however an opportunity of meeting four local natiie practitl^ noted fethe cures they ^ »« hi “ 
could see, straightforwardly and unreservedly informed me what they knew concerning the uses of these. But this is where my disappointment came in. Medici, ' aclordinl 
to our use of the term, were hardly included, and when I mentioned fever, lung trouble, stomach trouble, rheumatism, &c„ they had nothing to produce as a cure. Wevent s 
against snake-bite, eourage-g.vtng lotions, matenals for wash.ng babies, purifying agents, and other superstitious or faith-hcaling recipes were abundant, lovcphil.res and cxcTn 
o sexua desires were numerous, and there were many others connected in some way with allied unlawful and objectionable practices. For cuts, bitters ores, &e„ the heated 
leaves of Aloe maeulata was ,n common use ; a few plants were known poisons ; bu, for any actual medicine it seemed as if the whole district one hundred mile acmss bcl ev d 
more m the Adm.mstratador s supply of tmported methane than in any medicines of its own. At the Bajon salt factory I found castor oil beans being used to oil the f hing 
hues to make them durable, and sttll these natures knew nothing about the poisonous or medicinal powers of these same beans. Superstition and faith appeared to underlie" U 
cures ; and though I took voluminous notes of what these doctors had to say, I do not find a single item worth repetition. In Manica the Colon, ha Root (Iateorhua has 
altamed some reputation, and ts bemg exported as a drug ; while the seeds of Strophanthus Kombe are a known poison, used as an arrow poison, and probably also possessed 
of medicinal qualities. Experimental shipments have been made by the Mozambique Company. 
A very large number of trees and shrubs are reputed to have a poisonous effect on fish, and to be put in the water on purpose to bring them to the surface, when they 
are killed and eaten. As this practice does not deserve encouragement, I do not think it advisable to enumerate these specifically here, but I look upon these as being better 
worth attention from a medical point of view than the remedies actually in use. They may be more powerful, and consequently beyond the control of the savage, but they are 
at least possessed of some active principles which science might find a use for. ’ 3 * 
V.— OILS. 
From the Limpopo to Inhambane has long been noted for its oil products, and even from the Northern districts, oil-nuts are still shipped. These latter are the seeds 
of Arachis, not indigenous within the Province but cultivated largely in every part of it, both for home use among the natives as food, and for export to France for the expression 
of oil. This plant is not naturally a forest product, and is only mentioned here as one of the several oil producing plants of the Province and one which almost everywhere can 
be used as an export crop immediately after the forest is felled. 
Sesame, ( = 2, Gergilin; 10, M’piza) is also cultivated to some extent for the sake of the oil which is expressed from its small seeds, and about 1000 3-bushel sacks of 
this seed were waiting shipment at Quelimane while I was there. 
A large creeper, Telfaria pedata (6, Makungu, Jekungu,) is cultivated round native kraals for the sake of its large and nutritious seeds which are said to yield 60 per 
cent, of their weight as oil, but no commercial export of this has taken place. 
Jatropha curcas yields an oil from its seeds, which is a commercial export elsewhere, but here though it occurs throughout the Province no oil is expressed or seeds 
exported. The natives recognise the oily nature of the seeds, and string them on grasses, and after a short drying these are used as candles; hence the name candle-nut. The 
natives also know the powerful properties of the seed and avoid it. But it is more particularly the indigenous tree, Trichilia emetica, which is the source of oil for local use, as 
also during recent years for export. The tree grows abundantly south of the tropic; it is also present but less abundant north of it. The flowers, though they appear to be 
sexually perfect are not really so; indeed often, if not always, the trees are practically dioecious, some trees bearing a full crop every year, and others bearing none. The various 
