SUBORDER II. ALCYONARIA. 
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Genus YL—UMBELLULAKIA.— Cuvier. 
Yirgate Pennatulidao, having the polyps terminal, and not re- 
tractile. 
Umbellularia greenlandica {Lamarck). — Very long (6 feet) attenuate 
above ; polyps forming an umbel. 
Seas of Greenland. 
Family II.— ALCYONID.B. 
Attached Alcyonaria, fleshy, often coalescing disseminated 
calcareous spicnla. 
This family includes the following subhimilies and genera : 
Subfamily I. Xenin^. — T exture carnose. Polyps not retractile. 
G, 1. Rkizoienia . — Polyps attached in lines which are often reticulate. 
2. Anthdia . — Forming spreading plates. 
3. Xenia. — Forming thick lobed or subramose masses. 
Subfamily II. Alcyonina:. — Texture carnose. Polyps partly or wholly 
retractile. 
1 . Polyp semi-retractile, leaving wart-like prominences or verrucce. 
G. 4. Ammothea. — Ramose or fruticulose, verrucse unarmed. 
5. Sympodium. — Effuse, not stipitate, verrucce unarmed. 
6. JYephthya. — Verrucse armed with calcareous spicula. 
2 . Polyps wholly retractile. 
G. 7. Alcyonium. — Lobed or branched ; fringe of tentacles short. 
Subfamily III. SpoGGoniNiE. — Texture membranous, and very open cellu- 
lar within; polyps minute, not retractile, in clusters of calcareous spicula. 
G. 8. Spoggodia. 
Subfamily I.— XENIXBS. 
Carnose, and surface not harsh ; polyps not retractile. 
