136 
SUBORDER II.— ALCYONARIA. 
23. Gorgonia clathrus. — The Gorgonia clathriis, of Pallas, character- 
ized by terete branchlets, may be only a red variety of the Jlabellum, and this [ 
view is strengthened by their similarity of form, and by the occasional occur- 
rence of red and yellow colors in the same specimen. Yet in some specimens 
■with terete branchlets, examined by the author, the main branches are more 
regularly ascending than usual in the Jlabellum, and the polyps are more or 
less seriate, with the medial line of the branchlets bare. The cortex some- 
times appears smooth, with even the oscules indistinct; and again, a series of 
granules (about eight to half an inch), range along each side of the medial i 
space, as if the surface were minutely verruculose. These different appear- 
ances arise from the states of retraction in the polyps at the time the zoophytes 
were dried, the latter condition being due to a partial retraction only. A yel- 
lowish-white specimen, of similar character, without verrucse, but with the 
polyps in four series, belongs to the Nat. Hist. Society collections of Boston. 
24. Gorgonia reticulum {Pallas,) Lamarck. — Red, much branched, fla- 
bellate; throughout reticulate, branchlets nearly terete, decussately coales- 
cent, obsoletely granulous. 
Indian Ocean. 
25. Gorgonia umbella {Espei'). — Red; flabellate, sometimes with the 
surfaces proliferous, height exceeding the breadth (twelve inches by nine), 
finely reticulate, spaces two to two and a half lines in area ; branchlets sub- 
terete, nearly one line broad, irregularly rough, and sometimes appearing a 
little contorted, owing to the scattered verrucae, which are unequally promi- 
nent and minute (one-fourth of a line) ; axis pale wood-brown. 
East Indies. — Esper. 
26. Gorgonia ventilabrum (Pato).— Deep red, reticulate, branches 
compressed, verrucose. 
East Indies. 
27. Gorgonia verriculata {Esper). — Whitish; flabellate, large, through- 
out coarsely reticulate ; spaces mostly six lines broad, branchlets subterete, 
nearly one line thick, verrucose and uneven. 
Indian Ocean. 
28. Gorgonia umbraculum {Lamarck). — Frond red; flabellate, nearly 
circular and densely ramulous, subreticulate, ribbed with subflexuous or nearly 
straight branches, about one-third of an inch apart; branchlets two-thirds to 
one line thick, subterete ; every where short verrucose. 
The East Indies, 
29. Gorgonia cancellata {Dana). — Whitish; flabellate, nearly circular, 
very much branched throughout, for the most part coalescent, ribbed with 
nearly straight parallel branches, which are one-fourth to one-third of an inch 
