April, 1901] 
Kellerman — Mosses. 
103 
the “ per-i-che-ti-um ” or perichetial scales. This structure, consisting 
of the delicate reproductive bodies and their conspicuous and surround- 
ing protecting organs, has been called the “ flower” of the mosses. 
The microscopic bodies produced in the antheridia (and called 
“ sper-mat-o-zoids ”), and that produced in the archegonia (and called 
the “ o-o-sphere ”), are designated by the term “gam-etes;” it is their 
union that constitutes “fertilization.” It can now be understood why 
this stage of the development of the moss plant, as outlined in the 
preceding paragraph, is designated by the term “ gam-e-to-phyte ;” it 
is the plant (or generation) that produces the gametes. It is in popular 
language the “moss ” plant. 
The fusion of the two gametes results in the production of the 
sexual spore, called the “ o-o-spore it develops at once into the second 
generation, or second stage in the life-cycle of the moss plant, which 
is called the “ spo-ro-phyte.” It consists of the seta and capsule; the 
lower end (“foot”) of the seta becomes early embedded and fixed in 
the tissue of the gametophyte, and from it is derived the nourishment 
necessary to complete the development of the sporophyte, or the plant 
that produces the numerous non-sexual spores. This “ alternation of 
generations,” — that is, the alternation of gametophyte and sporophyte, 
— is not peculiar to Mosses, but occurs also in the Pter-id-o-phytes and 
Sper-mat-o-phytes. 
CLASSIFICATION OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 
I. Thal-lo-phytes ; as the Slime-moulds, Bacteria, Common Algae 
(green Pond-scum, etc.), Marine Algae (“ Sea-moss ”), Moulds, Mildews,. 
Smuts, Rusts, Mushrooms, Toadstools, Puffballs, etc. 
II. Bry-o-phytes ; The Mosses and Liverworts. 
III. Pter-id-o-phytes; The Ferns, Club-mosses and Horsetails. 
IV. Sper-mat-o-phytes; The Gymnosperms (Pines, etc.) and An- 
giosperms (Monocotyls and Dicotyls). 
Fig. 2. — The growth or proionema (/r,) from the spore (5/.), having rhizoids (r), and buds ( b V 
from which stems develop. 
