June, 1902 .] 
Moulds Injurious to Foods. 
289 
Proper methods of checking or preventing the growth of moulds 
should receive serious attention, since these fungi form an impor- 
tant problem in the household, and also in the army where the 
preservation of bread and other articles of food for considerable 
periods of time is necessary. 
The following are orders and families of fungi which contain 
species injurious in the household : 
BacterialES — Coccaceae, Bacillaceae, Spirillaceae. 
MucoRAr.ES— Mucoraceae. 
Saccharomycetai.es— Saccharomycetaceae. 
AspERGILLAI.es — Gymnoascaceae, Aspergillaceae. 
Moxiliai.ES — Mucedinaceae, Dematiaceae, Tuberculariaceae. 
The following is a list of the more important moulds : 
Mucoraceae. 
Mucor stolonifer. Common bread mould. Grows on bread, cake, decay- 
ing fruit and vegetables. 
Mucor mucedo. On fruits, bread, etc. 
Mucor racemosus. O11 decaying vegetables, fruit, and bread. 
Mucor spinosus. On moist bread and decaying vegetables. 
Mucor rhizopodiformis. Not uncommon on moist bread. 
Thamnidium elegans. On various articles, as bread, paste, etc. 
Aspergillaceae . 
Penicillum crustaceum. The most universal mould in the world. On 
decaying or preserved fruits, bread, pie, milk, potatoes, chocolate, etc. 
Aspergillus herbariorum. A universal mould on bread, cheese, peach 
preserves, plum butter, mince meat, etc. 
Aspergillus repens. Grows in the same substrata as A. herbariorum. 
Aspergillus niger. On moist vegetables. 
Mucedinaceae. 
Oospora lactis. On milk and cheese. 
Oospora fasciculata. On oranges. 
Monilia fructigena. On peaches, plums, and cherries. 
Trichothecium roseum. On various plant and animal products, fruits, 
vegetables, sweet potatoes, etc. 
AN ADDITION TO OHIO BIRDS. 
Mr. Irving A. Field, of Dennison University, Granville, an- 
nounces the capture of a European Widgeon (Mareca penelope) 
on the Licking Reservoir, Saturday morning, March 29, 1902, by 
Mr. Peter Hayden of Columbus. This European species has been 
found in the eastern parts of the United States several times, but 
this is the first one on record for Ohio. It is the more interesting 
as coming from near the center of the state. Ohio’s artificial 
bodies of water have proved great attractions to more than one 
rare species of birds. Lynds Jones. 
