Annals of the Transvaal Museum 
43 
keels change into tubercles it seems necessary to investigate this matter 
further. However, as I cannot lay my hands on specimens of the group of 
A canthocevas Deverianum, I shall have to leave this to some other investigator, 
who is in more favourable circumstances. 
AGE AND AFFINITY OF THE FAUNA. 
The Pondoland expedition has shown the Umzamba Beds to contain a 
wealth of ammonites. Twenty new forms have been found, bringing the total 
number of described Pondoland ammonites, of which Woods only enumerated 
thirteen, up to thirty-eight, including the five species recently described. 
Among the new forms is a new genus and two genera, which are recorded from 
Pondoland for the first time. Of six other genera, which were only represented 
by material insufficient for identification, definite species have been found. 
With such a large addition to the known fauna it seems necessary to re- 
study its affinities and its age. 
Attention has repeatedly been drawn to the close resemblance between 
the Cretaceous faunas of Pondoland and Southern India. Kossmat even calls 
the resemblance between the most widely separated deposits of the Indo- 
Pacific Province, namely Natal, Vancouver and Quiriquina, striking (13, p. 73 ). 
De Grossouvre, however, expressed the opinion, that there is at least just 
as much affinity of the Pondoland Cretaceous fauna with that of Europe as 
with that of Southern India. Woods regards the resemblance greater with 
Southern India than with Europe. 
These opinions have in the first place been based upon the presence of 
identical forms in the different deposits. According to Woods the following 
ammonites are common to Southern India and Pondoland : 
Gaudrycevas Kayei Forbes sp. 
Pseudophy Hites Indva Forbes sp. 
Hamites subcompressus Forbes. 
Hamites indicus Forbes. 
Hauericeras Gar deni Baily sp. 
Hauericeras Rembda Forbes sp. 
However, the author states that all of these, except the two Hamites spp. are 
widely distributed forms. The Gaudryceras Kayei of Pondoland has now been 
shown to belong to another species. According to de Grossouvre Pseudo- 
phyllites Indva and Gaudryceras Colloti of France are identical. Hauericeras 
Gar deni and Hauericeras Rembda are also found in other localities. Actually, 
therefore, the two areas have only two Hamites spp. in common, which do not 
occur an}rwhere else. It is- very doubtful whether great weight should be 
attached to this evidence. 
If we compare the Pondoland fauna with that of the Cretaceous of Northern 
Africa, we find the following species in common: 
Hauericeras, cf. Gardeni Baily sp. 
Hauericeras Rembda Forbes sp. 
Scaphites Cunliffei Forbes sp. 
All these species occur in Southern India also. 
As regards the occurrence of genera, it has been pointed out that Mortoni- 
ceras is abundant in Pondoland, but apparently absent in Southern India. 
The absence of Pachydiscus in Pondoland was formerly regarded as another 
difference with the Indian fauna ; since the discovery of Pachydiscus in Pondo- 
