44 
FRUIT DEPARTMENT- NUT TREES 
ALMONDS, Continued 
of a weeping habit and a strong grower. One of 
the best varieties. 
Peerless. Originated near Davisville, Califor- 
nia. A sure and heavy bearer; shell harder than 
I. X. L. and preferred by some to that excellent 
variety; single large kernel. 
CHESTNUTS. ( Castanea .) 
American Sweet. (Castanea Americana.) The 
fruit of this variety is smaller than the European 
kinds, but very sweet and well flavored; highly 
esteemed in the eastern states. 
Italian or Spanish. (C. saliva or C. vesca.) A 
highly ornamental tree of free growth, esteemed 
alike for its beautiful foliage and valuable tim- 
ber. The nut is sweet and generally large, but, 
as the tree being raised from seed, the fruit often 
varies in size and quality. 
Japan Mammoth. (C. crenata) A monstrous 
fruit larger than the European; and flavored like 
the American Sweet. Troe bears when quite 
young. 
FILBERTS. ( Corylus ) 
Barcelona. A magnificent variety of Spanish 
origin; nut large, round, first quality. Very pro- 
ductive; trained as a low standard tree or as a 
bush. 
Du Chilly. The largest filbert fruited on the 
Pacific Coast. Elongated oval, very broad; often 
more than an inch long by three-quarters of an 
inch wide. Nuts uniformly large, well formed, 
full fleshed and sweet. 
English. This is of the easiest culture, grow- 
ing 6 to 10 feet high, entirely hardy and one of 
the most profitable and satisfactory nuts to grow, 
succeeding well on almost all soils, bearing early 
and abundantly. Nut nearly round, rich and of 
excellent flavor. Admired by all for dessert. 
The Kentish Cob and Red Hazel are the two lead- 
ing varieties. 
Kentish Cob. Not very large, oblong, and 
somewhat compressed; shell pretty thick, of a 
brown color; kernel full and rich, and great bear- 
er. The best of all the nuts. 
Purple-leaved. (C. Avellana, var. atropurpurea 
purpurea.) A very conspicuous shrub, with 
large, dark purple leaves. Soon after the leaves 
expand they are almost black, but later on fade 
to a light purple. Valuable for planting in groups 
of large shrubs to secure color effect. Distinct 
and fine. 
Red Hazel. Medium size; shell rather thick, 
kernel crimson skin, with a peculiar excellent 
flavor. 
HICKORY ( Carya , or Hicoria Pecan.) 
Shellbark. (Carya alba.) To many, no other 
nut that grows, either foreign or native, is su- 
perior to this in quality; it possesses a peculiar 
rich nutty flavor, excelled by none. The tree is 
of a sturdy, lofty growth. The wood, on ac- 
count of its great strength and elasticity, is highly 
prized for making agricultural implements and 
is unsurpassed for fuel. 
WALNUTS ( Juglans .) 
Black American. (Juglans nigra.) This specie 
of Walnut is a common and stately forest tree 
in the middle and western states. Makes a fine 
shade and ornamental tree. Produces large crops 
of rich and oily nuts. 
Butternut, White Walnut. (J. Cinerea.) A na- 
tive of the eastern states. The cultivation of 
this sort, so highly prized in tha eastern states, 
has been neglected here. It is a beautiful-grow- 
ing tree, and yields large nuts with a rough, hard 
shell, within which are sweet, rich, white, oily 
kernels, of marked, though most delicate flavor. 
This variety does well in the coast countries and 
in well- watered regions of the foothills; not suited 
to the dry, hot valleys. 
California Black Walnut. (J. California.) This 
species of Walnut is indigenous to California. 
The fruit is spherical, the nut is hard but smooth, 
and not furrowed like the eastern black Walnut; 
the kernel is rich and oily. This Walnut is of a 
rapid growth, spreading out more than the east- 
ern kind, and bears sooner. 
PERSIAN WALNUTS. (Juglans regia.) 
Also known as English, Madeira and French Walnut. 
We would call special attention of the public 
to the following most valuable varieties of Wal- 
nuts. The varieties we recommend to plant for 
market are well tested varieties that cannot be 
surpassed for beauty, size of walnut, quality of 
meat or hardiness of tree. Commercial Walnut 
culture is concerned with Juglans regia, common- 
ly known as English Walnut, but in reality the 
Persian, and sometimes known as the Maderia 
and French Walnut, as it was imported into Eng- 
land from France. It is, however, a native of 
Persia or Southern Asia. 
FRENCH VARIETIES OF THE PERSIAN 
These we grow from nuts secured in France, 
excepting the Franquette (see our 16-page Wal 
nut Book), from grafted first-generation trees, 
thus making ours the second-generation tree. 
These should not be confused, or prices compared, 
with the common, tender varieties grown by 
most nurserymen as “English Walnuts,” which 
are not hardy enough for Oregon or the northern 
states, and are very often barren, caused by the 
staminate (or male) blossom or catkin being out, 
while the pistillate (or female) blossom is yet in 
a dormant state; so that, when the latter are out, 
there are no male catkins to fertilize the nuts 
which drop off after attaining about the size of 
a pea. Thousands of good healthy trees can be 
seen both in California and Oregon of this class 
which are worthless, except for shade. 
Grafted Walnuts. We are prepared to furnish 
grafted trees on American and California Black, 
also on English roots. Franquettes will be grafted 
directly from the Vrooman orchard and guaran 
teed to be first generation. Other French var- 
ieties are grown from best French types of their 
kind that we have been able to secure in France. 
Chaberte. An old and most valuable variety; 
late in budding out. The nut is well-shaped, 
roundish oval, and of fair size, though it is not 
what is called a large nut; the kernel is of extra 
fine quality; a good bearer. The Chaberte was 
