126 
Annals of the Transvaal Museum. 
The Skull. 
The following portions of the skull are present : 
One skull of which the total roof is broken away and of which the 
front part with the outer nares and the quadrato- jugal portions are missing. 
A piece of the outer impression of the right hinder portion of this skull is 
also present. ‘This fragment shows a portion of the border of the right 
orbital cavity. For convenience the fragments belonging to this skull will 
be called “skull No. 1 ” in the following pages. 
Another skull is represented by two adjoining parts, which show the 
right orbit, the right auditory notch, and the foramen magnum. The 
roof-bones of this portion have become detached and now show their 
inner surface. This skull will be called “skull No. 2.” 
There is a large fragment of a right mandibular ramus, with parts of 
a right maxillary, palatine, and pterygoid. All these pieces belong together 
and were chiefly used in the preliminary description. It is not impossible 
that they belong to skull No. 2. 
From these fragments the following has been established : 
The skull has the shape of a trapezium with the corners rounded off. 
It is longer than broad and very flat. The quadrato-jugal portions 
projected further backwards than the condyles. There is a slight 
longitudinal depression right along the middle of the skull, reaching from 
the dermo-supraoccipitals to the premaxillaries. Immediately in front of 
each orbit the skull surface is heightened into a broad, low thickening. 
The orbits are situated at the front end of the hinder third part of the 
skull. The nostrils are far in front. As far as can be made out from 
remnants, the whole of the outer surface of the skull and the lower jaw 
was covered by pits and their dividing ridges. 
The orbital cavities are somewhat longer than broad, and it seems 
that their circumference was not very regular. 
The nostrils are smaller than the orbital cavities and just about as far 
apart as these. 
Judging by the broken off matrix the skull had a fairly large parietal 
foramen. 
In this general description of the skull I may mention the otic notches. 
A small part of the right otic notch is visible in the outer impression of 
skull No. 1. In skull No. 2 the otic notch is better preserved. From 
these specimens can be gathered, that the otic notch in the skull surface 
is long and narrow, and that its edges converge slightly towards the inner 
end. The otic notches converge strongly towards the front. The length 
of the notch is at least 65 mm. and its general breadth less than 10 mm. 
It is bordered on the inside by the tabular and supra-temporal and on the 
outside by the squamosum. The otic notch becomes broader from below 
upwards. 
With regard to the composing bones of the skull roof little can be 
said. It has been a very difficult matter to follow up the defective im- 
pressions of would-be sutures, and some of them still remain doubtful. 
The following seems to me all that can be gathered from our specimens in 
this respect : 
The frontals are very long and narrow, extending from the parietals 
far forward towards the nasals, between which they wedge in. Their 
length is about a third of that of the whole skull. The suture with the 
parietals could not be found. 
The parietals together seem to be broader than long ; the posterior 
half is broader than the anterior. 
