24 
GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 
biflorum, Eryihronium Americanum, Allium tricoccum , Pontederia 
cordata, and Erioccndon septangular e. 
Among the Mosses the genera Sphagnum , Dicranum , Orthotri- 
chum. , and Hypnum are particularly well represented, both in species 
and individuals; but such a vast number of mosses are found here 
that an enumeration of even the more common or characteristic would 
be out of place. 
The so-called “ Iceland Moss” ( Cetraria Islandica) and “Reindeer 
Moss” ( Cladonia rangiferina ), together with the common gray 
Usnea , are worthy of special mention from out the host of Lichens 
that thrive upon the moist atmosphere of the Wilderness. 
7. -FAUNAL POSITION. 
There remains to be considered the Faunal Position of the Adi- 
rondacks. 
Data are wanting for the determination of exact thermometric 
means over any considerable portion of the region, but sufficient 
exist to establish the fact that during the months of May, June, and 
July (the breeding season of birds) the thermometer shows an aver- 
age of 57° Fahr. ( 14 ° C.), or lower, everywhere within the limits of 
the Wilderness, and averages below 5o° Fahr. (io°C.) throughout 
much of the interior. The temperature alone, therefore, would indi- 
cate that the district pertained to the Canadian Fauna, and a brief study 
of its characteristic animal and plant life will suffice to confirm the 
fact. 
Amongst the Mammals the following species are eminently north- 
ern in habitat : the Lynx, Fisher, Marten, Hudsonian Flying Squirrel, 
Jumping Mouse, Long-eared Wood Mouse, Porcupine, and Northern 
Flare. 
Of the Birds that breed here many are characteristic of the Cana- 
dian Fauna. Such are: the Hermit Thrush, Swainson’s Thrush, Red- 
bellied Nuthatch, Winter Wren ; Tennessee, Yellow-rumped, Black- 
burnian, Black and Yellow, Mourning, and Canada Flycatching 
