Insect Enemies and How to Destroy Them. 
We embody herewith brief but plain descriptions of the various insects which attack different 
classes of trees and plants, and in each case the best known remedy. Our directions can be relied upon 
Implicitly, and we need only ask our friends and customers to follow the directions in each case to the 
letter. 
DIRECTIONS FOR PREPARING THE REMEDIES. 
Paris Green or London Purple — These poisons are used either in solution or dry form. In 
solution one pound is mixed with from 100 to 300 gallons of water, the strength deptading on 
the plant sprayed and the insects to be destroyed. The poison should first be mixed with enough 
water to form a paste, after which the full quantity may be added. It is always best to add one 
or two pounds of lime for each pound of the green, as the danger to foliage will be much lessened 
thereby. Paris Green alone is sometimes applied in dry form. It is best, however, to mix each 
pound with ten pounds of flour or plaster. The liquid is much less objectionable, and we would 
m all cases recommend it. 
Kerosene Emulsion — Take common bar soap, one-half a pound, water one gallon, and kero- 
sene two gallons. Shave the soap into the water, then heat the whole until all the soap is dis- 
solved; add the soap liquid, boiling hot, to the kerosene, and churn for ten minutes by pumping 
it back into itself; when cool, the emulsion should have the consistency of thick cream or soft 
butter, this depending somewhat upon the kind of soap used. 
INSECTS AFFECTING THE GRAPE— The Flee Beetle 
This small, steel blue insect, appears in early spring, and at once begins eating the tender 
foliage. After eating about a moment the female beetle deposits small yellow eggs o* the foliage. 
These soon hatch into small larvae, which continue the work of destruction. 
Remedies — Spray with Paris Green, one pound, and one and one-half pounds lime to 200 
gallons of water, as soon as the beetles are noticed. Two applications of thiB solution at inter- 
vals of a week or ten days, will usually destroy all the insects. 
The Rose Bug 
It makes its appearance early in the summer, devouring flowers, young fruit and leaves. 
The beetle is about half an inch long and of a brown color. 
Remedies — The best results have followed the use of Pyrethrum, which should be applied 
in solution at the rate of one ounce to two gallons of water. 
INSECTS AFFECTING THE APPLE— The Codling Moth 
The little white caterpillar, whose effects are so familiar to everyone, is the larvae of a smalL 
nocturnal, gray moth. The moth deposits he»* eggs on the blossom end of the fruit. As soon 
as the eggs hatch the larvae eats its way into the young fruit; the rest of the story is well 
known to every one. 
Remedies — Spray the trees with Paris Green or London Purple at the rate of one pound to 
250 gallons of water add one and a half pounds ef lime, first when the flowers are falling and 
again when the fruit is the size of peas. 
The Canker Worm 
This measuring worm eats the green portion of the leaf, giving the tree a brewnish color, 
as though scorched by fire. The worms appears in early spring, and when full grown are an 
inch long. 
Remedies — Spray the trees when the leaves are one-third grown, with Paris Green solution, 
one pound to 200 gallons of water, add one and a half pounds of lime. Usually ene spraying 
will be sufficient, but if the worms appear to be on the increase a second application will be 
advisable. 
Apple Tree Tent-Caterpillar 
The large silken nests made by this insect are familiar to every one. The caterpillars appear 
in May or June, and in five or six weeks have attained their full size. 
Remedies — Cut out and burn the nests as soon as they are seen, taking the precaution to do 
this in the morning when the caterpillars are all in. This, together with one or two sprayings 
of Paris Green solution, having a strength of one pound to 200 gallons of water, and one and 
a half pounds of lime, will effectually rid the trees of the pest. 
The Apple Aphis 
Apple trees are often attacked early in the season by this inseot. The lice are quite small 
and green in color. By sucking the juice from the young growth they greatly interfere with 
the functions of the latter, and as a result the tree has a sickly, yellow appearance. 
Remedies — Spray with kerosene emulsion at the rate ef one gallon to twenty of water, as 
soon as the lice appear. Repeat the treatment in eight or ten days if necessary. A decoction 
made by soaking over night four or five pounds of tobacco stems, or refuse tobacco ef any kind, 
in five gallons of water, will also be found an excellent remedy against the lice. 
The Oyster Shell Bark Louse 
There are frequently seen on the trunks, branches and twigs of the apple tree, small, whitish 
shells, resembling in shape those of an oyster. Under these shells are numerous small lice 
busily engaged in sucking the sap from the tree. 
Remedies — Scrape the trees thoroughly in spring before the leaves appear and then paint the 
trunk and large limbs with a thick solution made by dissolving one quart of eoft soap in half a 
gallon of hot water. Two ounces of ci^ide carbolic acid added to this wiil also increase its effi 
cacy. Make no further treatment until the middle ef May, when kerosene emulsion, one gallon 
to twenty-five gallons of water, should be applied. It is always beet to apply the emulsion soon 
after the lice hatch. 
