Allen Nursery Co. 
5 
After-Culture — Grass should not be allowed to grow about young trees or plants. 
The ground should be cultivated for a space of at least a foot outside the roots. If 
the ground is poor it should be enriched with surface applications of manure. Pruning 
should be varied according to the condition of the tree and the purpose of the planter. 
It should be done regularly every spring before the buds swell any. In this way the 
removal of large branches will bo avoided. 
Fall Planting— When planted in the fall, all trees should be banked up at least 
one foot high until spring. This overcomes the tendency of the trees to heave out, 
protects them from mice and prevents the roots from freezing before they have taken 
hold of the soil. In planting roses, shrubs, vines, and other delicate stock in the fall, 
the tops should be nearly or quite buried with mellow earth during the first winter. 
The surplus earth should be removed in the spring. 
Injured Trees — If trees are received in a frozen state, place the package 
unopened in a cellar, away from frost and heat, until thawed out and then unpack. 
If partially dried from long exposure, bury entirely in the ground or place in water 
from 12 to 24 hours. 
WINTERING NURSERY STOCK PROCURED IN THE FALL. 
Tn sections where the winters arc very severe, it is not advisable to set out young 
trees and plants in the fall, but the practice of procuring them in the fall and plant- 
ing them in the spring is becoming more and more popular as experience has demon- 
strated its advantages. In the fall nurserymen are not hurried with their own plant- 
ing; the season for shipping is comparatively long, and the weather not nearly so 
changeable as in the spring. Railways are not so much hurried and there is much 
less chance for injurious delays than in the spring. It being practicable to plant 
trees so procured as soon as the frost is out, they become thoroughly established the 
first season. 
There is a popular impression that trees dug in the fall and heeled in over winter 
are worthless. If the heeling is well done there could not be a greater mistake. 
Peach and some other young trees, if left standing during the first winter are fre- 
quently killed or injured by frost, while if dug in the fall and treated as below 
described, they come through bright and uninjured. 
To insure success, select a dry spot where no water will stand during the winter, 
having no grass near to invite mice. Dig a trench deep enough to admit one layer of 
roots, and sloping enough to admit the trees to lay at an angle of not more than 30 
degrees with the ground. Having placed one layer of roots in this trench; cover them 
with mellow earth extending well upon the bodies and see that this is firmly packed. 
Then add another layer of trees overlapping the first, and continuing as at first until 
all are heeled in. As soon as this is done, cover the tops so well with evergreen 
boughs that they will be thoroughly protected from winds. Roses and other small 
stock may be wholly covered with earth. 
DISTANCES FOR PLANTING 
Standard Apples 40 feet apart each way 
Standard Pears and Strong Growing Cherries 20 “ “ “ “ 
Duke and Morello Cherries 18 “ “ “ “ 
Standard Plums, Peaches, Apricots and Nectarines. ... 16 to 18 “ “ “ “ 
Dwarf Pears 10 to 12 “ “ “ “ 
Dwarf Apples 10 to 12 “ “ “ “ 
Quinces 10 to 12 “ “ “ “ 
Grapes rows of 10 to 16 feet apart; 7 to 16 feet in rows. 
Currants and Gooseberries 4 feet apart 
Raspberries and Blackberries 3 to 4 by 5 to 7 feet 
Strawberries for field culture 1 by 3 to 3 1 /. feet 
Strawberries, for garden culture 1 to 2 feet "apart 
NUMBER OF TREES ON AN ACRE 
30 feet apart each way 
25 11 1 1 1 ( i 1 
20 “ “ “ “ 
18 “ lt 11 lt 
yg 1 1 tt t < if 
42 i ii 
50 10 “ 
70 8 “ 
110 6 “ 
135 5 “ 
205 4 “ 
300 3 “ 
ii ii ii 
ii ii ii 
if ii ii 
ii ii ii 
ii ii ii 
ii ii ii 
435 
680 
1210 
1745 
2725 
4840 
Rule — Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants 
are apart in the rows, and the product will be the number of square feet, for each 
plant or hill, which, divided into the number of square feet in an acre (43,560), will 
give the number of plants or trees to the acre. 
