— 56 
thallus. In the lack of a specialized female receptacle the genus differs from 
such typical marchantiaceous genera as Marchantia, Reboulia and Plagiochasma 
and agrees with the more simply organized genera, such as Targionia and Riccia. 
Involucral organs may be absent altogether. When they occur they attain 
full development only after fertilization and are in the form of one-sided or peltate, 
lobed structures with air chambers, taking their origin from the surface of the 
thallus and arching up over the young sporophytes. The calyptra is fleshy 
and covered over with coarse tubercles. 
The sporophyte 1 shows the usual differentiation into capsule, stalk and 
foot, but the stalk remains very short. The wall of the capsule is composed of 
a single layer of thin-walled cells and dehisces at maturity, according to Meyer, 
by means of a long slit in the upper part. The spore sac contains both spores 
and sterile cells, the latter being short and blunt and destitute of spiral thicken- 
ings in their walls. The spores are blackish brown and almost opaque at ma- 
turity, usually measuring 100-130/i in diameter. They show the usual tetrahedral 
form, though somewhat obscurely. The plane faces are smooth but the spherical 
face is covered over with a coarse reticulum. The meshes measure 25-35/r in 
diameter and are bounded by grooves and not by ridges, a remarkable feature 
first pointed out by Leitgeb. 2 This type of spore-marking is not known in any 
other North American hepatic but recurs, with certain modifications, in the 
European Grimaldia dichotoma Raddi. 3 
2. Sauteria alpina Nees, Naturg. Europ. Leberm. 4 : 143. 1838. Lunularia 
alpina Nees; Nees & Bisch. Flora 13 : 399. 1830. 
Collected on soil among rocks, in July, 1881, on Mt. Albert, Gaspe County, 
Quebec, by O. D. Allen (No. 1). These specimens have already been reported 
by the writer 4 under the incorrect name Clevea hyalina (Sommerf.) Lindb. Care- 
ful sectioning of the scanty material, however, has demonstrated the presence 
of a rhizoid-furrow in the stalk of the female receptacle, showing that the plant 
is Sauteria alpina and not the Clevea. Additional North American stations for 
the Sauteria are in Greenland, Alaska and Alberta; and it has a wide distribution 
in Europe and northern Asia. 
A full description of this arctic and alpine plant may be found in Muller’s 
“Lebermoose,” 5 while the characteristics of the group Astroporae, to which 
it belongs, have already been briefly discussed by the writer. 6 The most im- 
portant distinction between Clevea and Sauteria is found in the stalks of the 
1 The following two papers by Meyer give a full account of the development and structure 
of the sporophyte: Untersuchungen iiber den JSporophyt der- Lebermoose — I. Entwickelungs- 
geschichte des Sporogons der Corsinia marchantioides. Bull. Soc. Imper. Nat. Moscou 1911: 
263-286. pi. 1-22. 1912; III. Das Sporogonium der Corsinia marchantioides Raddi. Ber. 
Deuts. Bot. Ges. 32 : 262-266. /. 1-4. 1914. 
2 Ueber Bau und Entwicklung der Sporenhaute 22-38. pi. i,f. 16-33. 1884. 
8 See Leitgeb, op. cit. 50. pi. 2, f. 28, 28a. 
4 Bryologist 19 : 28 (footnote). 1916. 
5 Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Fl. 6: 241./. 130, 131. 1907. 
6 Rhodora 16 : 63. 1914. 
