288 
MOLLUSCA. 
Trans, vol. xiv. p. 163.) In Ireland those so differing have no such 
scruples ; such as I have seen in connexion, and displaying each other’s 
spicula or love-darts, have been very dissimilar in colour and markings ; 
they have so occurred to me from the middle of April to that of Septem- 
ber. Mr. Hyndman once found a spiculum of this species stuck through 
the leaf of a dandelion ( Leontodon Taraxacum ) j if there be but the one 
use in the missile, it would thus seem that the animal will occasionally 
miss its aim. 
A H. nemoralis of ordinary size, which I found near Belfast, exhibits a 
prominent tooth where the basal margin joins the whorl. I have in the 
month of May detected the blackbird preying on this Helix. 
H. arbustorum, Linn. 
This delicate and handsome species was noticed by Capt. Brown and Dr. 
Turton as having been found about Dublin ; at Killarney, the Rev. 
Thomas Hincks, of Cork, informs me that it is met with ; but the North 
seems to be its more favourite abode ; in suitable localities throughout the 
County of Antrim it prevails, as it likewise does in Down, but more spar- 
ingly. Of 14*7 specimens collected at the same time in the neighbourhood 
of Larne, in the former County, all were of the ordinary state, or marked 
with the dark band (see Pfeiffer, tab. 2, f. 7), except 12, which were of the 
variety in which the band is wanting, the spotting much paler, and the 
colour generally much lighter. (Pfeiff. tab. 2, f. 8.) Having collected 
this species in England and Scotland, as well as Ireland, I may observe 
that moisture and shelter in a certain degree have always seemed to me 
its desiderata. At Dovedale in Derbyshire, and at Knockdolian in Ayr- 
shire, it occurred plentifully about moist limestone cliffs, and in the latter 
locality with little more than ferns (especially Cystea fragilis ) to shelter 
it. In the North of Ireland I have met with it in shady woods in the 
lower grounds, and likewise in young plantations at a considerable eleva- 
tion in the mountains, and where there was no more shade or moisture 
than the Luzula sylvatica requires. From its shell being so easily broken, 
this animal is a favourite food of the thrush genus. (See Magazine of 
Zoology and Botany, vol. ii. p. 436.) 
H. pulchella , Mull. 
This species may more literally than most others be stated to be dis- 
tributed over Ireland, for it is the verge of the sea that marks its bound- 
ary. Although occurring throughout the inland parts of the country, it 
seems especially to delight in the short pastures in the vicinity of the sea 
around the entire coast ; in some of the islets of Strangford Lough, too, I 
have in like manner observed it. 
The var. H. crenella, Mont., has been considered by some naturalists 
peculiar to damp situations ; but with this my observation does not accord, 
the beautiful ribbed variety being more frequent than the smooth state on 
the dry sea-banks of the North of Ireland. Mr. E. Waller writes to me, 
with reference to Finnoe, County Tipperary, “I have found both varieties 
of H. pulchella in high and dry grounds, as well as damp and low.” 
H.fusca, Mont. 
This handsome species was noticed by Turton as Irish, but merely in 
the words “ woods in Dublin.” (Conch. Diet., p. 61.) It is found in the 
North, East, West, and South, but in King’s County and Tipperary has 
not been met with by my correspondents. As this species, though widely 
