GASTEROPODA. 
301 
teeth) and partly to V. palustris (in being smooth) — the locality in which 
it was found would be more suitable to the latter : the figure in Testa- 
cea Britannica throws no light upon the subject. 
V. palustris, Leach. 
In numerous localities throughout the Counties of Down and Antrim I 
have since 1832 procured this well-marked species, which, as its name 
denotes, is an inhabitant of the marsh ; it nevertheless seems invariably 
to be not only free from dirt but presents a high polish. By the Rev. B. 
J. Clarke the V. palustris has been obtained near Portarlington, and by 
Mr. Edw. Waller, at Einnoe, Tipperary. In England I have procured 
it near Twizel, Northumberland, and in Scotland in several localities around 
Ballantrae. Mr. Gray, in the Introduction to his edition of Turton’s Ma- 
nual, mentions the V. palustris and V. angustior to “ have been only yet 
recorded as found near London, and in the West of England,” p. 37 ; in 
1834 I published both species as indigenous to Ireland, Phil. Mag. 1834, 
p. 300. Reference to this communication, though a mere list of species of 
land and fresh-water mollusca, previously unrecorded as Irish, would have 
shown, that several species noticed in the Manual as local have a con- 
siderable range of distribution. 
V. pusilla, “ Mull.,” 
Is very rare, but has been found in the North-East and West of the 
island. From under a stone on a dry bank in Colin Glen, near Belfast, I 
obtained a specimen in 1832, as Mr. Hyndman did in an adjacent glen 
some time afterwards ; in shell-sand from Portmarnock I have detected it, 
and Mr. Harvey has supplied me with a specimen from Miltown Malbay, 
where he states the species is very rare. Borrisakane, Mr. Waller, 1847, 
Kenmare, Mr. Barlee, 1845. A shell from Flanders, favoured me by M. 
Michaud, under the name of “ Pupa Vertigo , Drap. ( Vert, pusilla, Mich.),” 
is identical with that under consideration. 
V. angustior, J effreys. 
In 1833 I was favoured by Dr. W. H. Harvey with specimens of Ver- 
tigo, labelled “ V. heterostropha, two species, from the sand-hills, Miltown 
Malbay, the smaller common, the larger very rare.” The smaller are of 
this species, which has always seemed to me distinct from the V. hetero- 
stropha of Drap. and of Turton’s Manual. A comparison of Montagu’s 
Turbo Vertigo (tab. 12, f. 6) with the V. heterostropha in the works just 
mentioned, will show the obvious difference. To Mr. Jeffreys the merit 
is due of clearly distinguishing these species. Since 1834, when this Ver- 
tigo was published as indigenous to Ireland, I have not obtained any more 
information respecting it. Since found at Bundoran. 
Genus Balnea. 
B. perversa, Flem. 
This species is generally distributed over the island. Its favourite 
abode is on the stems and branches of trees, where it shelters itself beneath 
the loose bark or in its crevices ; and on trees whose bark from smooth- 
ness will not afford it shelter, this Balcea lurks in the mosses and lichens 
which adorn them — in the tufts of these cryptogamous plants I have re- 
marked it buried, whilst the Vertigo edentula displayed itself at the 
outside. 
