476 
C. A. MAC MUNN. 
Delle Chiaje 1 showed that in Sipunculus balanorophus 
and echinorhynchus the arterial blood is red, the venous 
brown. G. Schwalbe 2 found that the body-fluid of Pliasco- 
losoma elongatum (a Gephvrean) is a bright rose- or greyish- 
red colour, and is cloudy owing to the presence of morphological 
elements, and that on standing in the air it gets darker and 
darker until it assumes an intense Burgundy-red colour. By 
long standing in the air this colour goes into a dirty brown 
owing to decomposition, and in drying the whole assumes 
a dirty green colour. Krukenberg 3 found the blood of Si- 
punculus nudus to contain the same colouring matter as 
that observed by Schwalbe ; he finds that it is the oxygen of the 
air which brings about the colour change, and that the colour is 
removed by C0 2 . This colouring matter gives no absorption band 
either in the oxidised or reduced condition. Krukenberg calls 
this pigment haemery tb rin, and the chromogen belonging to 
it haemerythrogen. The colouring matter is decomposed by 
H 2 S. The oxygen in the oxidised blood-pigment seems, 
according to Krukenberg, to be more firmly fixed than in oxy- 
haemoglobin. Milne-Edwards 4 in 1838 discovered that certain 
Annelids possessed green blood, his observations being made 
onSabella. In Chloronema Edwardsi M. de Quatrefages 
found similar blood. 
Professor Lankester 5 on examining the blood of Sab ell a 
ventilabrum and Siphonostoma (sp. ?) with the spectro- 
scope discovered the interesting fact that it not only gives 
a banded absorption spectrum, but is capable of being oxi- 
dised and reduced, and it behaved in such a way with cyanide 
of potassium and sulphide of ammonium as to have led him to 
conclude that haemoglobin and this colouring matter (which Pro- 
fessor Lankester named chlorocruorin) “ have a common base 
1 ‘ Memorie sulla st.oria e notomia degli animali senza vetebre del regno di 
Napoli,’ t. i, pp. 13 and 127. 
2 ‘Arch. f. Mikr. Anat.,’ Bd. v, p. 218, et seq., 1869. 
3 Loc. cit., p. 85. 
4 ‘ Ann. des Sciences Natur.,’ 1838, 2nd serie, vol. x, p. 190. 
5 ‘ Journ. of Anat. and Physiol.,’ 1868, p. Ill; also 1870, p. 119. 
