recently been developed. Containers may be emp- 
tied directly into a large compactor-type truck 
capable of receiving the contents of a number of 
bulk storage units. 
The bulk storage containers are completely 
enclosed and are made of heavy-gauge steel. They 
eliminate the fire hazard of rubbish, are relatively 
fly- and rodent-proof when properly used and kept 
in good condition, and can be padlocked to prevent 
scavenging and “free loading.” To prevent fly 
breeding, these bulk storage units should be 
thoroughly cleaned each time the contents are re- 
moved. However, where containers are emptied 
into collection trucks at the storage site, adequate 
cleaning may present a problem. 
Stationary bins for bulk storage may be allowed 
in some situations. Such bins, constructed of 
masonry or other ratproof material with tight-fitting 
lids or doors covered with sheet metal, could be 
acceptable where large volumes of dry rubbish 
uncontaminated by putrescible material, is to be 
stored. Most designs for such bins do not al- 
low for easy emptying, which is a pronounced 
disadvantage. 
Wooden crates, baskets, and boxes are often 
used for bulk storage of rubbish. This practice is 
undesirable since garbage, or material contamina- 
ted with garbage, finds its way into these recepta- 
cles. Such misuse provides food and harborage for 
rats and permits fly breeding. The use of fire-proof, 
vermin-proof containers for rubbish is recommended. 
Garbage houses, if properly constructed and 
maintained, provide a satisfactory storage area for. 
a large number of containers. However, because 
these installations are expensive to build and 
maintain, and are so frequently misused and neg- 
lected, they are seldom recommended. 
Container Racks 
Storage on the premise can be greatly improved 
by providing and maintaining proper storage racks 
or stands for refuse. Sketch plans for satisfactory- 
racks of various designs and materials can usually 
be obtained from local or State Health Departments. 
Types of holders that have proved adequate in- 
clude: (1) a si gle steel post with hooks to which 
the garbage cans are hung by the handle or bail, 
and sometimes with a stirrup to support the bottom 
of the container; (2) a pipe rack either of threaded 
or w-elded constri ction; (3) steel bars such as those 
used in reinforcing concrete, or angle iron, welded 
together; (4) single 1- or 2-can racks built of wood, 
of either new or scrap lumber. 
All storage racks should have open “slatted” 
bottoms and should hold containers at least 12 
inches off the ground. This elevation not onl\ 
reduces corrosion of containers; it also allows 
room for regular cleaning underneath, eliminates 
rat harborage under containers, and minimizes the 
possibility of cans being overturned. In ire is 
where yard collection is practiced and the owner 
need not carry the cans to the curb or the allev for 
emptying, chains attaching container lids to the 
racks prevent loss of lids and minimize possible 
damage. Painting racks improves their appearam < 
and in some instances prolongs their life. 
5 
