Annals of the Tkansvaal Museum. 
255 
Chydorus carolinae Methuen. — Described from Lake Chrissie in 1910 (4). 
Mr. Hewitt’s specimens agree in every particular with this species. 
Locality : — Transvaal : Wonderboom, Pretoria. 
Leydigia guadr angular is Leydig (PI., Fig. 4). — Up to the present 
one good and two doubtful species of Leydigia have been described 
from South Africa. In 1904, Gurney ( loc . cit.) described one he called 
L. afhcana, from Kroonstad. In 1907, Brady (1) described L. propinqua 
Sars, from Natal, and in 1910 I described one from Lake Chrissie in the 
eastern Transvaal (loc. cit.), calling it L. trispinosa. It is now evident 
that neither africana nor trispinosa have any claims to be separated from 
previously known species. Mr. Gurney, writing to me a little time ago, 
suggested that trispinosa was synonymous with the widely distributed 
propinqua. However, after a second examination of my species and of 
others caught in the Transvaal by Mr. Hewitt, and after re-reading Mr. 
Gurney’s description of L. africana, I have been led to the conclusion 
that, according to Lilljeborg’s (3) key, the Transvaal and Orange Free 
State species of the high veldt should be regarded as being L. quadrangularis . 
I am very grateful to Mr. Gurney for his opinion on the subject, but I 
cannot bring myself to think that the high veldt species is L. propinqua, 
owing to points of difference in the shape of the carapace, the nature of 
the striations or markings on the same, the length of the hairs on the 
inferior margin of the labrum, the nature of the terminal claws of the 
telson. 
The chief differences between the two species L. propinqua and L. 
quadrangularis appear to be these : — 
L. quadrangularis : both terminal claws of telson provided with a 
basal spine ; carapace without striations ; hairs on inferior 
margin of labrum minute. 
L. propinqua t : the two terminal claws of telson without basal spine ; 
carapace striated ; hairs on inferior margin of labrum com- 
paratively long. u f 
The arrangement of the spines and setae on the margin of the telson 
is distinct in both species. 
Specimens Mr. Hewitt took near Pretoria, L. trispinosa from Lake 
Chrissie, and, I suggest, L. africana from Kroonstad, possess those characters 
which have been given above for L. quadrangularis. Leydigia was first 
recorded from South Africa by Sars (5), who described L. propinqua 
(acanthocercoides Fischer) from Knysna (low country), in the Cape Colony. 
In his remarks about the species he says : “ From the Australian species, 
described by the author as L. australis, it is at once distinguished by the 
very distinct sculpturing of the shell, and, moreover, by the smaller size 
of the ocellus, as well as by the form of the tail. In the latter respect it 
more resembles the L. quadrangularis Leydig, a species also found in Norway, 
but in that form the terminal claws have each a distinct denticle at the 
base which is wanting in the present species, while the sculpture of the 
shell is also different.” (Page 19.) 
Fig. 5 has been introduced to show the nature of the spines on the 
posterior part of the carapace, which appears to have minute thickenings, 
