Plumularia. 
Z. HYDROIDA, 
143 
so many minute grey coloured stars, having the interstices between 
the rays filled with a colourless transparent matter, which seems to 
harden into horn. The grey matter swells in the centre, where the 
rays meet, and rises perpendicularly upwards, surrounded by the trans- 
parent horny matter, so as to form the trunk of the future zoophyte. 
The rays first formed are obviously the fleshy central substance of the 
roots, and the portion of that substance which grows perpendicularly up- 
wards, forms the fleshy central part of the stem. As early as 1 could 
observe the stem, it was open at the top ; and, when it bifurcated to 
form two branches, both were open at their extremities, but the fleshy 
central matter had nowhere developed itself as yet into the form of a 
polypus. Polypi, therefore, are not the first formed parts of this 
zoophyte, but are organs which appear long after the formation of the 
root and stem, as the leaves and flowers of a plant.” Professor Grant . 
2. P. cristata, shoots simple , plumous , the pinnce alternate ; 
cells in a close row , cup-shaped with a toothed margin and a short 
lateral spine ; vesicles gibbous , girt with crested ribs . Ellis. 
Plate XIX. Fig. 1 — 3, and Plate XX. Fig. 1. 
The Podded Coralline, Ellis , Corall. 13, no- 12, pi. 7. fig. b. B Ser- 
tularia pluma, Lin. Syst. 1309. Pall. Elench. 149. Ellis and Soland. 
Zooph. 43- Berk. Syn. i. 217- Turt. Gmel. iv. 679. Turt. Brit. Faun. 
214. Stew. Elem. ii. 443. Bose, Vers, iii. Ill, pi. 29, fig. 1, pessima. 
Lister in Phil. Trans, an. 1834, 369, pi. 8, fig. 2 Aglaophenia pluma, 
Lamour. Cor. Flex- 170- Corail. 75.- Plumularia cristata, Lam. Anim. 
s. vert. ii. 125- 2de edit. ii. 161- Stark, Elem. ii. 440. Templetonm Mag. 
Nat. Hist. ix. 467. Risso, L’Europ. merid. v. 313 PI. pluma, Elem. 
Brit. Anim. 546 — La Plumulaire plume, B/ainv. Actinol. 477 
Sertolaria pluma, Cavol. Pol. mar. 210, tav. 8, fig. 5 — 7. 
Hab. On Fuci, particularly Fucus siliquosus, and sometimes “ on 
muscles and other shells/’ Common on the southern coasts of Eng- 
land. Picked up on the shore at St.evenston, Ayrshire, Rev. D. 
Landsborough. On the coast of Ireland near Dublin, Ellis. On 
the shore of Belfast Lough, &c. Mr Templeton. 
Attached to sea-weeds by a flexuous horny anastomosing tubular 
fibre, which throws up, at intervals, plumous shoots from one to one 
and a half inch high : these are very elegant and erect when in the 
sea, but when dry become curved in a falcate manner with all their 
pinules, which are also frequently laid to one side. “ Siccatione 
surculi sursum seu contrario modo quam fuerant, recurvantur, pin- 
nulaeque curvatae ad invicem accedunt.” Pallas. The polypidom is 
of a honey-yellow colour with a dark brown rachis, which is smooth, 
and divided by numerous oblique septa or joints, there being one be- 
