Fig. 30. 
III. ZOOiPHYTA HELIANTHOID A, 
FAMILY VII. MADREPHYLLLEA. 
17. Turbinolia,* Lamarck. 
Character. Animal like the Actinia , single : Polypidom 
fixed when young , becoming detached in the progress of its growth , 
simple , inversely conical , furrowed on the outside , pointed at the 
base , and terminating above in a lamellated stellular cell. 
1. T. borealis, “ widely conical , slightly bent.” Rev. Dr 
Fleming.f 
Fungia turbinata, Fleming in Wern. Mem. ii. 250. Turbinolia borealis, 
Flem. Brit. Anim. 509. — La Turbinolie boreale, Blainv. Actinolog. 341 . 
Hab. “ Zetland,” Fleming. 
“ This species occurred in the same boat in which I picked up the 
Caryophyllea cyathus. Though greatly defaced, it still exhibits 
proofs of its recent origin. It is inversely conical, pointed, subarcu- 
ated, with a concave disc and a prominent centre ; the plates appear 
to have been equal. It is about five-tenths of an inch in height, and 
nearly the same in breadth across the star.” Fleming. 
Lamouroux maintains, in opposition to Lamarck, that the Turbino * 
Use are fixed, and says that in well preserved specimens a distinct pedicle, 
with the point broken ofF, is obvious.;): Thefact seems to be, as stated 
* From turbo, a top. 
f The author of the “ Philosophy of Zoology,” and the “ History of British 
Animals.” He, for many’years, discharged the duties of a minister of the Church 
of Scotland ; and is now Professor of Natural Philosophy in King’s College, 
Aberdeen. To his labours and writings I am inclined to ascribe a considerable 
share in diffusing that taste for natural history which is now abroad. 
| Soland. Zooph. new edit. p. 51. 
