212 
Z. HELI ANTHOIDA. 
Actinia. 
the tide, nothing’ of the animal can be seen, and its presence in a lo- 
cality is only to be guessed at by the holes in the sand, which, how- 
ever, are exactly like the holes of many arenicolous worms. 
Actinia mesembryanthemum lives between tide-marks, and is most 
plentiful near that of high water. It is consequently often left ex- 
posed to the open atmosphere, but it expands only when covered with 
water. It never, so far as I have observed, emits from the mouth, 
like the other species, any thread-like tangled filaments ; nor does it 
seem to have the power of protruding the membrane of the stomach 
in the form of vesicular lobes. Gsertner says that “ the colour of its 
body is always red in the summer, but changes into a dusky green, or 
brown, towards the latter end of autumn,”-— -a remark which certain- 
ly does not hold good on the northern shores of Britain, where the 
red and dusky green varieties may be found intermingled at all seasons. 
2. A. Bellis, 44 body lengthened , the lower part narrow , 
smooth , the upper enlarged and glandularly warty ; oral disc ex- 
panded, lobed ; tentacula in several rows, variegated Gsertner. 
Hydra calyciflora, tentaculis retractilibus variegatis ; corpore verrucoso, 
Gaertner in Phil. Trans, lii. 79. tab. 1, fig. 2 Actinia Beilis, Ellis 
and Soland . Zooph. 2. Turt. Gmel. iv. 103. Turt. Brit. Faun. 131. 
A. pedunculata, Pen. Brit- Zool. iv. 102. Perk. Syn. i. 186. Lam. 
Anim. s. Vert. iii. 70. Bose, Vers, ii. 258. Stark, Elem. ii. 412. Flem. 
Brit. Anim. 498. Templeton in Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 303. Hydra bellis, 
Stew. Elem. ii. 451. 
Hab. iC Frequently found in the pools about the Mount’s Bay,” 
Cornwall. “ It is rare to meet with a single one in a place, there 
being most commonly four or five of them living so near together in 
the same fissure of the rock, which they constantly inhabit, that their 
expanded calyces form a row of flower-like bodies, that seem to grow 
upon the cliffs under water,” Gcertner. “ Found in a pool on the 
rocks at the north end of the Island of Rathlin, August 1795,” 
Templeton. 
“ From its small basis rises a cylindric stalk, which supports the 
roundish body of the animal, from whence afterwards the calyx, being 
a continued membrane of the body, draws its origin. The stalk, or 
the pedunculus of the polype, is quite smooth, and its colour inclines 
towards the carnation. The outside of the calyx, and the body of 
this animal, are marked with a number of small white protuberances, 
resembling warts, to which fragments of shells, sand-grains, &c.adhere, 
and hide the beautiful colour of these parts, which, from that of car- 
nation, is insensibly changed towards the border of the calyx first in- 
to purple, then violet, and at last into a dark brown. The inside of 
the calyx is covered with the feelers, that grow in several ranges 
