228 
Z. HELIANTHOIDA. 
Lucernari a. 
the body will after a time produce new tentacula “ pretty near as they 
were before the operation while the upper portion swallows food as 
if nothing’ had happened, permitting’ it indeed at first to come out at 
the opposite end, “ just as a man’s head being cut off, would let out 
at the neck, the bit taken in at the mouth,” but which it soon learns 
to retain and digest in a proper manner. In an experiment of this 
kind, the upper half, instead of healing up into a new basis, actually 
produced another mouth and tentacula, so that an animal was formed 
which caught its prey, and fed at both ends at the same time I If 
again the section of the body is made in a perpendicular direction so 
as almost to divide it into two halves, these halves unite again in a 
few days. If the section is complete, two perfect individuals is the 
result ; and to complete the wonder, if the body is torn away and 
only a portion of the base remain, from this fragment a new offspring 
will sometimes rise up to occupy the place of its parent !* Yet these 
creatures, almost indestructible from mutilation and injury, may be 
killed in a few short minutes, by immersion in fresh water. 
21. LucERNARiA,f Muller. 
Character. Body somewhat campanulate % fixed ichen at rest 
hy a narrow disk or stalk : mouth quadrangular , in the centre of 
an umbrellar expansion : tentacida disposed in widely separate 
tufts on the margin. 
1. L. fa sci cu laris, 6i peduncle of the body produced : tuft of 
tentacula in pairs , about a hundred in each” Rev. Dr Fleming. 
Lucernaria fascieularis, Fleming in Wern. Mem. ii. 248, pi. 18, fig. 1, 2. 
Flem. Brit. Anim. 499. Templeton in Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 304. Blainv. 
Actinolog. 664 Lucernaire fasciculaire, Lamouroux in Mem. du 
Mus. ii. 470. 
Hab. Common in Zetland, where “ it is chiefly found on the leaves 
of Fucus digitatus and F. esculentus, which grow in deep water,” 
Fleming. “ Found on the coast at Donaghadee, after a strong east- 
erly gale, adhering to a fragment of Fucus serratus,” Templeton. 
“ Colour dark brown ; peduncle cylindrical, flexuous, wrinkled, 
with a narrow base ; body bell-shaped, subquadrangular, concave ; 
margin divided into four pairs of arms, concave within ; mouth cen- 
tral, tubular, consisting of a loose membrane, four notched at the tip, 
* Dicquemare in Phil. Trans, abridg. xii. 640, &c. ; xiv. 129. Yet, accord- 
ing to the same excellent naturalist, a wound or rent of the basis of an Actinia 
often proves fatal, xiii. 637. 
f From Lucerna , a lamp. 
