284 
Z. ASCIDIOIDA, 
Flustra, 
209- Blumerib. Man. 272. Stew. Elem. ii. 485. Corail. 44. Lam. 
Anim. s. vert. ii. 156. 2de edit. ii. 219. Grant in Edin. New Phil. 
Jonrn. iii. Ill and 337. Flem. Brit. Anim. 535. Hogg's Stock. 86. 
Stark , Elem. ii. 437. Johnston in Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 263. Mag. Nat. 
Hist. iii. 483, fig. 120. Templeton in Ibid. ix. 469. Hisso, L’Europ. 
merid. v. 333. La Flustre foliacee, Blainv. Actinolog. 450, pi. 
75, fig. 1. 
Hah. Common on hard ground, in a few fathoms water. 
Polypidom corneous, frondose, arising from a spreading base with 
a single plane of cells, about 4 inches high, of a uniform wood-brown 
colour, thickish, deeply divided into numerous broad segments ge- 
nerally somewhat narrowed at their origin, often bifid or trifid, some- 
times palmate near the apex which is slightly rounded ; the surface 
roughish, minutely reticulated : cells small, in semialternating rows, 
narrow at the base, dilated and arched at the top, the superior mar- 
gin armed with four stout conical processes shorter than the diame- 
ter of the cell. The top of the cells is sometimes covered with a 
small hollow globular pearly operculum opening downwards. 
The segments vary very much in breadth, but are rarely, if ever, 
proliferous. “ Varietas vulgatior frondibus latiusculis, dilatatis, ex- 
tremitate lata laciniosa. Rarior frondibus longis atque angustis. 
Perrara extremis frondium angustiorum latis et palmatis. Rarissi- 
ma subpinnatis aut latissimis margineque tan turn divisis frondibus.” 
Pallas. Hooke, in his celebrated <f Micrographia,” says, “ for 
curiosity and beauty, I have not among all the plants or vegetables 
I have yet observed, seen any one comparable to this sea-weed.” 
When recent it exhales a pleasant scent, which Pallas compares to 
that of the orange, Dr Grant to' that of violets, and which a friend 
tells me smells to him like a mixture of the odour of roses and geranium. 
2. F. chartacea, u cells slightly enlarged distally ; margins 
smooth.” J. Ellis. 
Esckara papyracea utrinque cellefera, summitatibus securis aciei instar trun- 
catis, Ellis, Corail. pi. 88, fig. 8 Flustra papyracea, Ellis and Soland. 
Zooph. 13. Flem. Brit. Anim. 535. Lister in Phil. Trans, an. 1834, 
384, pi. 12, fig. 3. Edwards in Lam. Anim. s. Vert. 2de edit. ii. 220. 
La F. papyracee, Blainv. Actinolog. 451. F. chartacea, Turt. 
Gmel. iv. 663. Turt. Brit. Faun. 209. Stew. Elem. ii. 436. Bose , 
Vers, iii. 141. Corail. 45. Risso, L’Europ. Merid, v. 333. 
Hah. Coast of Sussex, Ellis. Brighton, Lister . 
“ The cells of this sea mat are of an oblong square figure, swel- 
ling out a little in the middle of each side. The openings of the cells 
are defended by a helmet-like figure ; from hence the polype-shaped 
suckers extend themselves. This sea mat is of a slender and deli- 
cate texture, like thin semitransparent paper, of a very light straw 
