298 
Z. ASCIDIOIDA. 
Eschara. 
i 
Eschara retiformis, Rati, Syn. i. 31. Flem. Brit. Anim. 531 Stony 
foliaceous Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 71, no. 3, pi. 30. fig. a, A. B. C. 
Borl. Cornw. 239, pi. 24, fig. 6 Millepora fascialis, Lin. Syst. 1283. 
Stew. Elem. ii. 427 M. foliacea, Ellis and Soland. 133. Turt. 
Gmel. iv. 636. Turt. Brit. Faun. 205. Stew. Elem. ii. 427. Hogg's 
Stock. 37- Bose, Vers, iii. 341, pi. 25, fig. 4 Eschara fascialis, 
Pall. Elench. 44. E. foliacea, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 175. 2de edit. 
ii. 266. Risso, L’Europ. Merid. v. 341. Stark, Elem. ii. 436. Blainv. 
Actinolog. 428, pi. 75, fig. 3. Milne Edwards in Ann. des. Sc. Nat. 
Part. Zool. vi. 36, pi. 3, fig. 1. 
Hah. On various parts of the English coast in deep water. 
“ Conchis testisve adnascitur et circa Cockbush in Sussexia saepe 
reperitur,” Dillenius. Isle of Wight, Ellis. Cornwall, Borlasse. 
Devonshire, Dr Coldstream. 
This curious polypidora attains a large size being often 3 or 4 
inches high, and from 12 to 20 in its greatest diameter. It may be 
described as a broad membrane twisted into winding folds, leaving 
large sinuosities and cavernous interstices : it is very light and floats 
in water, crisp when dry, membrano-calcareous, cellular, of a yellow- 
ish-brown colour, roughish and punctured with the numerous pores 
which open on both sides. The membrane is less than a line in 
thickness, and consists of two layers of cells separated behind from 
one another by a thin plate down the middle. The cells open ob- 
liquely by contracted roundish apertures disposed in a quincunx order 
on the surface, and which, more especially when recently formed, 
are often covered by a small operculum. When a portion is macerated 
in diluted muriatic acid, it retains the original form, but becomes 
soft and flaccid from the subtraction of the carbonate of lime. The 
cells are liable to all the changes of form which have been indicated, 
in an appended note, as the results of age upon these polypidoms in 
general. 
2. E. fascialis, expansions narrow , compressed , branched , 
occasionally united” Pallas. 
Italian Coral, Ellis, Corall. 72, pi. xxx. fig. b Eschara fascialis var, a, 
Pall. Elench. 42. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 175. 2deedit. ii. 267. Flem. 
Brit. Anim. 531. Millepora taenialis, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 133. 
M. fascialis, Turt. Gmel. iv. 636. Berk. Syn. i. 211. Turt. Br. Faun. 
204 -L’Eschare a bandelettes, Blainv. Actinolog. 428. Milne-Ed- 
wards in Ann. des. Sc. Nat. Part. Zool. vi. 43. pi. 4, fig. 1. 
Hab. Deep water. Isle of Wight, Pallas. 
“ This Millepore grows in very irregular masses, but always pre- 
serves the same habit of growing ; that is, the branches are flat, nar- 
row, and regularly subdivided ; they coalesce, twist, and branch out 
