BRITISH SPECIES UNKNOWN AS IRISH. 
345 
France. It occasionally migrates to the most northern countries 
in summer^ but winters in warm climates. 
The Crex pusilla is known as an occasional visitant, of wliich 
eight specimens have been noticed in England (Yarr.). It is 
found in summer in the warmer parts of Europe from central 
Germany southward. 
The Phalaropus hypefloreus differs from all the preceding in 
being a northern bird. It breeds annually in the north of Scot- 
land and the Orkney Islands ; but its chief breeding-haunts, in 
Europe and America, are within the arctic circle. It is known 
only as a rare visitant to the shores of England, and has occa- 
sionally been met with in various European countries southward, 
to Italy inclusive. 
The 6th, 7th, and 8th are North American species. Of the 
Totanus macularius, very few individuals have been known to' 
visit England, and these within the last ten years. It has like- 
wise appeared occasionally about the Baltic Sea and the Ehine. 
The Scolopax grisea (a common bird on the shores of the United 
States) is included in the British catalogue from six specimens 
having been procured in England within the present century. In 
continental Europe, Sweden has been visited by it. Three of 
the Tringa pectoralis have been procured in England since 1830. 
In the different works treating of the ornithology of Continental 
Europe until 1844 (the date of SchlegeFs ^ Eevue Critique,^ &c.), 
it is unnoticed as having occurred there. This bird is found on 
the eastern coasts both of North and South America. 
Two only of the ten species {Ardea alha and Phalaropus hy- 
perhoreus) are included in the Scottish catalogue. 
It will be obvious from what has just been stated, that ex- 
cepting the three North American birds, they should all rather be 
expected to visit England than Ireland, although there would be 
nothing extraordinary in any of the species occasionally extend- 
ing its flight to the farther and more western island. Ireland 
seems to lie too far west even for the visits of the Phalaropus 
hyperhoreus ; in England the eastern counties of Northumberland, 
Yorkshire, and Norfolk only, are named by Yarrell as having 
