325 
or from a single tree, which thirs may be brought to yield 
annually the material for 16 yards of G-ros de NajDles.” 
The White Mulberry-tree is of extremely easy growth from 
cuttings, also readily raised from well-matured seeds. It is 
usually unisexual, and attains finally a very large size. It 
can be grown in climes, where no longer Olives will thrive. 
Spots for Mulberry-culture must not be over-moist, when 
the leaves are to be utilized for the Bombyx. In 1870, 
according to the British Trade Journal, the produce of 
cocoons amounted in Europe to £16,588,000 ; in Asia to 
£28,112,000 ; in Africa to £44,000 ; in the South Sea 
Islands to £24,000 ; in America to £20,000 ; — thus giving 
a general total of £44,788,000. Superior varieties of Mul- 
berry can be grafted with ease on ordinary stock. M. Indica 
L. , W. macrophylla Morett., M. multicaulis Perott., II. 
Morettiana Jacq., M. CMnensis BertoL, II. latifolia Poir., 
II. Italica Poir., 37. Japonica ISTois,, II. Byzantina Sieb., 
3f. nervosa Del., Af. pumila Hois., M. tortuosa Audib., as 
well as the Constantinople Mulberry, are merely forms of 
M. alba, to which probably also M. Tatarica, L. and M. 
pdbularia, Jacquem., belong. The variety known as M. 
Indica produces black fruits. The planting of Mulberry- 
trees has recently assumed enormous dimensions in Cali- 
fornia, where in 1870 between seven and eight millions were 
planted. The process of rearing the silk-insect is simple 
and involves no laborious exertions. The cocoons, after 
they have been properly steamed, dried and pressed, find 
readily purchasers in Europe, the price ranging according 
to quality from 8s. to 6s. per lb. The eggs of the Silkworm 
sell at a price from 16s. to £2 per ounce, and in 1870 Japan 
had to provide two millions of ounces of Silk-ova for Europe, 
where the worms had extensively fallen victims to disease. 
Instances have been recorded in California, where 8 tons of 
leaves were gathered in the first year from the Mulberry- 
trees of 1 acre, and 30 tons in the next year. As an example 
of the profit thus to be realized, a Californian fact may be 
cited, according to which £700 were the clear gain from 
3i acres, the working expenses having been £93. The 
Commissioner of Agriculture of the United States has 
